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Key Terms: Ancient Greek Philosophy 1: Plato
Fichas del conjunto (14)
- 1Plato (427-347 BCE)Generally considered the greatest ancient philosopher, author of The Republic.
- 2The RepublicPlato’s major work containing the Cave Analogy and Theory of Forms.
- 3The Cave AnalogyPlato’s story symbolically illustrating the human condition.
- 4The FormsThe pre-existing realities in a supersensible realm from which particular things on Earth gain their reality.
- 5The GoodThe ultimate source of all reality and goodness. Gives life to the forms and, via them, to particular things on Earth.
- 6The Simile of the SunPlato says that the good cannot be defined, only symbolized. The Sun is the source of all life and goodness, so fits the bill.
- 7The Divided LinePlato’s attempt to give systematic form to his philosophy of knowledge, belief and levels of reality.
- 8Knowledge (episteme)An intellectual grasping of what is in the supersensible realm.
- 9Opinion (doxa)An intellectual grasping of what lies in the visible realm, or the realm of the five senses.
- 10The Third Man ArgumentAristotle’s main argument against Plato’s Theory of Forms.
- 11The ParmenidesA dialogue, written by Plato, between Socrates (Plato’s teacher) and the pre-Socratic philosopher, Parmenides. Parmenides asks whether even dirt has a form.
- 12David Hume (1711-1776)Hume said that facts and values are intrinsically different things. This has unfortunate implications for Plato’s Good.
- 13The is/ ought gapHume’s claim that one can never derive an “ought” statement from and “is” statement (ie, that facts and values are intrinsically different things).
- 14RM Hare (1919-2002)A modern critic of Plato’s theory of Forms. He re-states Hume’s criticism.