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Learning and Memory
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- 1Perseveration-consolidation hypothesis for consolidationMemory of newly learned information could be disrupted by presenting other information shortly after the original learning.
New memories initially persist in a fragile state and consolidate over time.
Short term and different stages of LTM are not sequentially linked but act in parallel. - 2Consolidation theory (of retrograde amnesia)HC consolidates new memories, which makes memories permanent. Memories are held in HC for some time and then are gradually consolidated in a new location in neecortex.
- 3Multiple trace theory (of retrograde amnesia)Autobiographical memories -> Hippocampus
Factual semantic memory ->
adjacent medial temporal lobe
General semantic knowledge unrelated to time and place ->
Neocortex - 4Reconsolidation theory (of retrograde amnesia)Memories rarely consist of a single neural substrate. Each time a memory is used it is reconsolidated; thus it re-enters a labile phase and is restored as a new memory. Thus different traces for same event are generated, simply be re-using of memories
- 5NEW competitive trace theory (of retrograde amnesia)Function of HC during retrieval is recontextualization. As memories get older, they are decontextualized and become more semantic and reliant on neocortical storage at the expense of contextual details. They acquire illusory details.
- 6Two-stage model of memory consolidationLong-term store (NC) -> slow learning
Temporary store (HC) -> fast learning
New events are initially encoded in both stores. During consolidation memores are repeatedly re-activated in the HC, which drives reactivation in NC. Thereby long-term store becomes strengthened. HC acts like internal trainer of NC.
NC will adapt new memories to pre-existing memories.
To prevent interference, re-activation takes place when no encoding occurs.
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- Fichas sobre Learning and Memory, creado por Anna-Lena Jansen el 02/02/2018.
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- Anna-Lena Jansen
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