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Description
Flashcards by Natalia Ramos Escalada, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Natalia Ramos Escalada
over 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is the Earth's crust made of? | It's made of minerals and rocks |
| What are rocks? | Rocks are clusters of minerals and other inorganic materials. |
| What are minerals? | Minerals are structured crystals that have specific chemical components. |
| What are three main types of rocks? | Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic |
| How do igneous rock form? | Molten lava from volcanoes cools and hardens. |
| If the lava cools quickly, | small crystals form and the rock has dots of colour (granite) |
| If the lava cools slowly, | large crystals form and the rock looks the same colour all over (basalt) |
| Granite | |
| Basalt | |
| What do sedimentary rock consist of? | They consist of layers of other rock fragments, or animal or plant fossils. |
| How long does it take to form a sedimentary rock? | They compact over millions of years to form |
| Clay | |
| Limestone | |
| Sandstone | |
| How do metamorphic rocks form? | Some igneous and sedimentary rock is pushed down by other layers of rock forming on top. |
| Marble | |
| Slate | |
| How many types of minerals are there? | There are over 4 000 types of minerals in the world. |
| How do we classify minerals? | According to the chemical composition |
| How are called pure minerals? | They are called elements (diamonds) |
| Can you name an example of sulphate? | Gypsum |
| Can you name an oxide? | Rubies |
| What is limestone used for? | It is used to make cement for roads and buildings. |
| What is talc used for? | It is used to make talcum powder |
| What are diamonds used for? | They are used in jewellery |
| What is quartz used for? | It is used in watches and other electronics |
| What is marble used for? | It is used on counter tops and floors |
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