100787
| Question | Answer |
| name all the outcomes of burning crude oil (starting at the hottest tempurature) and also name their use | Bitumen- surfaces roads Fuel Oil- fuel for ships Diesel Oil-Lorries, trains and some cars Kerosene-fuel for aircrafts petrol- fuel for cars gases- heating and cooking |
| What are the characteristics of a short molecule chain? | its more flammable and very viscous (sticky/gloopy) |
| What does complete combustion mean? | using plenty of oxygen and burns to produce CO2 and Water (safe burning) |
| what does incomplete combustion mean? | when there isn't enough oxygen, and hydrocarbons burn to produce CO2 + Water BUT also Carbon monoxide and Carbon |
| what are some effects of carbon monoxide? | its a toxic (poisonous) gas |
| What do you need to consider when choosing the best fuel? | how easily it burns, how well it can be transported and stored wether it produces alot of ash and smoke the ammount of heat energy is given out |
| how is acid rain formed? | Sulphur Dioxide is given out in power stations, and it mixes with cloud forming a weak sulfuric acid, and then when it rains it falls as acid rain |
| what effects does acid rain have on the enviroment | it falls into rivers and lakes and kill plants and animals living in the water it kills trees damages limestone buildings and ruins stone statues |
| What is a metal ore? | a metal that has been extracted from rocks |
| Why is gold found uncombined? | its unreactive |
| What does oxidation mean? | metals gain oxygen to form oxides |
| When copper is oxidised what does it produce? | copper oxide |
| What is the word that means oxygen is removed? | reduction |
| What does the most common type of reduction reaction use? | carbon |
| copper oxide + carbon GIVES?? | copper + Carbon dioxide |
| what is the list called where metals can be shown how reactive they are? | reactivity series |
| what extraction method is used for a metal higher than carbon? | electrolysis |
| carbon is used to extract metals that are... | below carbon |
| carbon is used to extract metals that are... | below carbon |
| Why can iron ore be extracted from its ore using carbon? | because it is below carbon in the reactivity series |
| What is the word equation for the reduction of iron? | iron oxide + carbon = iron + carbon dioxide |
| what is the word used meaning breaking down using electricity? | electroloysis |
| In electrolysis, what is the electricity applied by to the liquid? | electrodes |
| how do you test for chlorine? | Chlorine bleaches damp litmus paper, turning it white (don't forget to mention DAMP litmus paper!!) |
| What is a disadvantage of using electrolysis? | its veeeeery expensive |
| name some properties of metals | strong, can be bent/hammered into shape, good conductor of heat/electricity |
| name some everyday used of metals | strong but bendy- ie bridges/car bodies good conductor of heat- saucepan base good conductor of electricity- electrical wires |
| what happens when metals corrode? | they become weaker |
| which metals are more likely to corrode? | metals that are higher up in the reactivity series (ones that a more reactive) |
| name some properties and used of aluminuim | light and doesn't corrode- aircrafts, window frames, |
| Why does adding alloys make the metal stronger? | Different sized atoms are placed randomnly and inbetween the other atoms, and this makes it more difficult for the layers to slide and roll over eachother |
| Why is recycling good? | it uses less resources, because one day we will run out of metals we have in the earth. it uses less energy uses less money makes less rubbish |
| how is crude oil formed? | its formed when remains of plants and animals are buried, and over millions of years they turn into crude oil and then it's pumped out of the ground |
| what is a hydrocarbon? | just hydrogen and carbon atoms |
| how is crude oil split up? | using fractional distillation |
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