Flashcards
Types & Branches of Government
Cards in this deck (31)
- 1DemocracyThe government is elected by the people. Everyone who is eligible to vote has a chance to have their say over who runs he country. (民主)
E.g. USA, Denmark, New Zealand, India - 2CommunistThe government owns and provides everything on behalf of the people, ensuring everything is shared equally. (共产)
E.g. China, Russia, Korea, Cuba, Laos - 3DictatorshipA country ruled by a single leader. The leader has not been elected and may use force to keep control. (独裁)
E.g. [Olden time]Germany, Russia, Cambodia
[Present time]North Korea, Cuba, Egypt - 4AutocracyGovernment by a single person having unlimited power. (专制)
E.g. Iran, Jordan, Zimbabwe - 5DespotismDomination through threat of punishment and violence. (暴政)
E.g. Mexico, China, Cuba - 6TotalitarianA country with only one political party. People are forced to do what the government tells them and may also be prevented from leaving the country. (极权主义)
E.g. North Korea, Burma, Zimbabwe - 7Absolute MonarchyA ruler who usually inherits absolute power over the country from a close relative. (君主专制)
E.g. Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Tonga, Thailand - 8Constitutional MonarchyA figure head who is ruler of the country by birth, although there is also a democratic government that limits their control. (君主立宪制)
E.g. New Zealand, UK, Canada, Denmark - 9OligarchyA government in which a few people such as a dominant clan or clique have power. (寡头政治)
E.g. Cuba, Venezuela, Korea, China - 10PrimitiveA non-industrial, often tribal society, especially a society characterized by a low level of economic complexity. "I rule because I'm the strongest one of my tribe." (原始人)
E.g. Africa(?) - 11FeudalAlso called feudal system: the legal and social system that evolved in the 8th and 9th centuries, in which vassals (peasants) were protected and maintained by their lords, usually through the granting of fiefs or small parcels of land, and were required to pay tax to the lord or work on his land for free in payment and serve under them in war. "I govern because I own all the land. Most of the people are peasants and work for me. My personal army enforce my rule." (封建)
E.g. [Olden time] Russia, China, Japan, Pakistan - 12AnarchyThere is no government. (无政府状态)
E.g. Somalia, Yemen, Afghanistan, Libya, Syria - 13RepublicA country that has no monarch. (共和国)
E.g. USA, China, Italy, France - 14RevolutionaryWhen the government has come to power by overthrowing another one. (革命的)
E.g. USA, France, Russia - 15TheocracyCountry is ruled according to religious law. The recognized head of the religion is usually in charge - how they are elected varies. (神权政治)
E.g. Israel, Pakistan, Afghanistan - 16AuthoritarianCharacterized by or favoring absolute obedience to authority, as against individual freedom. (独裁)
E.g. North Korea, Zimbabwe, Jordan - 17CapitalistPeople can own their own businesses and property (and are often actively encourages to do so). People can also buy services for private use, such as healthcare. (资本家)
E.g. New Zealand, Germany, Canada - 18LibertarianA party or person who advocates liberty (free will), especially with regard to thought or conduct. (自由主义)
E.g. New Zealand, Ireland, Canada - 19Right WingPolitical or social organization advocating a conservative or reactionary position. The union's right wing favored a moderate course of action. (右翼)
E.g. France, Netherlands, Zimbabwe, USA - 20Left WingA political or social organization advocating a liberal or radical position. (左翼)
E.g. North Korea, China, Cuba, Laos - 21MMPMixed Member Proportional
The system currently use in New Zealand to elect the Parliament members. It is based on a Parliament with 120 MPs (seats) - 22ParliamentA group of Members elected from each area/party list who gather in Wellington to make laws (121MPs)
- 23OppositionThe opposition is the parties who are not in control.
(Labour and Green) - 24GovernmentThe party/parties that control the government they had the majority of votes.
(National) - 25Supply & ConfidenceThe party/parties that agreed to support the government on major decisions to make the government secure.
(ACT, United Future, Maori) - 26CoalitionIf there is no party that has <50% of the vote, then a several party need to form a coalition to have more than 50% vote.
- 27ExecutiveResponsible for the running of the country, putting laws into effect. (执行)
- 28LegislativeResponsible for passing laws through the House of Representatives. (立法)
- 29JudiciaryResponsible for enforcing and interpreting the laws through the law courts. (司法)
- 30Governing BodyFocus on the big picture for a city.
- 31Local BoardsRepresent their local communities and make decisions on local issues, activities, and facilities.
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- Social Studies (Flip Side of Democracy) Flashcards on Types & Branches of Government, created by hsxx3512 on 24/06/2014.
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