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Flashcards

The crusades- key dates

Isabel Knight (Early) History AS level English 76 cards

Cards in this deck (76)

  1. 1Pope Urban II's speech at the church council at Clermont calling for a crusade to rescue the Holy Land from the Seljuk Turks1095
  2. 2People's crusade led by Peter the Hermit1095-96
  3. 3The siege of Nicaea began14 May 1097
  4. 4Tancred of Hauteville and Baldwin of Boulogne leave the main crusading army to journey through Cilicia on their way to Antioch.10 September 1097
  5. 5An insider lets Bohemond and his forces past the walls of Antioch before Kerbogha reaches them.2 June 1098
  6. 6The siege is complete, but Kerbogha takes up a position outside, in the Tower of the Iron Bridge, which traps the crusaders inside.4 June 1098
  7. 7Jerusalem is captured by Godfrey of Bouillon.15 July 1099
  8. 8Baldwin I crowned King of Jerusalem1100
  9. 9Capture of Acre1104
  10. 10Papal protection and approval for the Knights Hospitaller1112
  11. 11Death of Bohemond1112
  12. 12Pope Gregory VII responds to the appeal of the Byzantine emperor, Michael VII, for help against the Turks; he tries to start a holy war and recruits 50,000 volunteers,m but fails.1074
  13. 13The Investiture Controversy begins, which marks the beginning of the pope's problems with Germany.1076
  14. 14Nicaea is taken by the Turks; it is only 100 kilometres away from Constantinople.1078
  15. 15The Byzantine Empire loses control of Antioch to the Turks.1084
  16. 16Urban II ip appointed pope; Rome, and much of Italy, is still controlled by Pope Clement III1088
  17. 17The Byzantine emperor, Alexius I Comnenus, appeals to Pope Urban II for help at the Council of Piacenza1095
  18. 18The relationship with France is damaged by the formal excommunication of King Philip I of France by Pope Urban II.1095
  19. 19Urban II takes the Castello Sant Angelo, a papal castle in Rome; he has to pay compensation to Clement III' remaining supporters in Rome to gain control.1098
  20. 20Antioch suffers heavy losses after the Battle of the Field of Blood; this prompts Pope Calixtus II to try to launch a crusade.1119
  21. 21Emir Imad ad-Din Zengi begins his campaign against Antioch; this continues for the next couple of years.1135
  22. 22Edessa falls to Zengi; this leads Pope Eugenius III to call for the second crusade.1144
  23. 23Nur ad-Din begins to attack the borders of Outremer.1163
  24. 24Pope Alexander III tries to launch a crusade due to the capture of Bohemond III by Our ad-Din; there is little response to this.1165
  25. 25Saladin begins campaigning against Outremer.1170
  26. 26Saladin captures Jerusalem, which leaves only Tyre, Tripoli and Antioch in Christian hands.1187
  27. 27The Third Crusade is launched by Pope Gregory VII, and re-launched by Pope Celestine III, due to the capture of Jerusalem.1187
  28. 28The Fatimid Dynasty takes control of Egypt and parts of Syria and Palestine.969
  29. 29The Seljuk tribe emerges and takes control of Khorasan; they begin to take territory from the Fatimids1037
  30. 30The Battle of Manzikert. The Byzantine emperor is defeated and captured by the Seljuk Turks.1071
  31. 31A group of knights come together, under the leadership of Hugh of Payns, to protect pilgrims who are on their way to Jerusalem; they become known as the Knights Templar.1119
  32. 32Pope Urban II had retaken Ravenna1089
  33. 33The victory of the Lake of Antioch; Bohemond plans to divide the army into six squadrons, which helps him to defeat part of the garrison.February 1098
  34. 34A large Muslim army, under Kerbogha, stops off to besiege Edessa (unsuccessfully) before heading to Antioch.May 1098
  35. 35The Byzantine general Taticius leaves the crusadersJanuary 1098
  36. 36The siege of Antioch beginsOctober 1097
  37. 37The army suffers form severe famine; Bihemond and Robert of Flanders are sent to attack Ma'arrat Mission in order to gain suppliesDecember 1097
  38. 38Raymond of Toulouse, left to defend the crusading army, is attacked by the Antioch garrison.29 December 1097
  39. 39Bohemond laid siege to the Byzantine city of DurazzoJune 1081 - February 1082
  40. 40Bohemond of Taranto took Alexius' oath10 April 1097
  41. 41Baldwin of Boulogne was invited by the Christian ruler of Edessa, Toros, to become his son and heir.6 February 1098
  42. 42The ruler of Edessa, Toros, was murdered meaning that Baldwin of Boulogne was now the ruler of Edessa.9 March 1098
  43. 43Raymond begins to besiege the city of Arqah14 February 1099
  44. 44Battle at Dorylaeum1 July 1097
  45. 45Peter Bartholomew reported a vision from St Andrew and Jesus Christ about a Holy Lance that was believed to be the spear of Longinus, a Roman soldier, thrust into Christ's side on the cross.10 June 1098
  46. 46The Holy Lance was found at the Basilica of St Peter, Church of Antioch during the siege of Kerbogha.14 June 1098
  47. 47Battle of Ascalon12 August 1099
  48. 48Raymond gives up the siege on Arqah after hearing of Caliph of Baghdad's forces.13 May 1099
  49. 49Ridwan of Aleppo sets out for AntiochFebruary 1098
  50. 50Death of Bishop Adhemar of Le PuyNovember 1098
  51. 51Antioch suffers heavy losses after the Battle of the Field of Blood; this prompts Pope Calixtus II to try to launch a crusade1119
  52. 52Emir Imad ad-Din Zengi begins his campaign against Antioch; this continues for the next couple of years1135
  53. 53Edessa falls to Zengi; this leads Pope Eugenius III to call for the Second Crusade1144
  54. 54Nur ad-Din begins to attack the borders of Outremer1163
  55. 55Pope Alexander III tries to launch a crusade due to the capture of Bohemond III by Our ad-Din; there is little response to this1165
  56. 56Saladin begins campaigning against Outremer1170
  57. 57Saladin captures Jerusalem, which leaves only Tyre, Tripoli and Antioch in Christian hands1187
  58. 58The Third Crusade is launched by Pope Gregory VIII, and re-launched by Pope Celestine III, due to the capture of Jerusalem1187
  59. 59Baldwin, Count of Edessa, is crowned King Baldwin I of JerusalemNovember 1100
  60. 60The consolidation of Outremer's territories begins with the acquisition of Arsuf and Caesarea1101
  61. 61A castle called Montreal is built to increase control over the Kingdom of Jerusalem; it is later able to hold out against attack for a year and a half1115
  62. 62The Templar movement begins under the leadership of Hugh of Payns1119
  63. 63Queen Melisende and King Fulk become the rulers of JerusalemApril 1131
  64. 64The Hospitaller movement becomes militarised and is given the Castle of Beitgibelin1136
  65. 65Baldwin III forces his mother, Melisende, out of power1152
  66. 66The last important port of Jerusalem, Ascalon, is captured by the Franks with the help of pilgrims from Europe1153
  67. 67Baldwin IV, a leper, is crowned king, but Raymond of Tripoli acts as regent on his behalfJuly 1174
  68. 68A new Byzantine emperor, Andronicus I, is replaced by Manuel Comnenus and turns the empire against the crusader states1180
  69. 69Sibyl is crowned queen and she crowns her husband, Guy, as king; this is at the height of an ongoing dispute over the succession1186
  70. 70Saladin uses his truce with Raymond of Tripoli to begin a campaign to attack Acre; the campaign ends with the Franks' defeat at Hattin in JulyMay 1187
  71. 71Baldwin of Bourcq becomes Count Baldwin II of Edessa1100
  72. 72The Battle of Harran leads to imprisonment of Count Baldwin II of Edessa and conflict with Tancred over control of the county1104
  73. 73Count Joscelin I of Courtenay becomes Count of Edessa1118
  74. 74Count Joscelin I dies and is replaced by his son, Joscelin II1131
  75. 75Joscelin II is captured by the Turks and his wife, Beatrice, is left to defend Turbessel1150
  76. 76—

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Flashcards on The crusades- key dates, created by Isabel Knight on 11/09/2017.
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Isabel Knight
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