Flashcards
Atoms and Elements - Chem Lec 3
Cards in this deck (37)
- 1elementsare pure substances from which all other things are built
- 2groups on the periodic table consist of:elements with similar properties and are arranged in vertical columns ordered from left to right
- 3periods on the periodic table are...the horizontal rows of elements and they are counted from the top as period 1 - period 7
- 4the representative elements include..the first 2 groups
- 5alkali metalsare the group 1A (1) metals
the reactivity of this group increases from the top to the bottom - 6the halogensare group 7A (17)
include fluorine and chlorine which are highly reactive - 7the nobel gaseselements which are unreactive and are seldom found in combination with other elements
- 8the zig zag line in the periodic table separates themetals and nonmetals
- 9metalslocated to the left of the zig zag line
are shiny and ductile
good conductors of heat and electricity - 10nonmetalsare to the right of the zig zag line
no esp. shiny, ductile or malleable
poor conductors of heat and electricity - 11metalloidslocated along the zig zag line
better conductors than nonmetals but not as good as metals
used as semiconductors and insulators - 12dalton's atomic theoryatoms are tiny particles of matter too small to see
able to combine with other atoms to make compounds
are similar to each other for each element and different from atoms of other elements - 13a chemical reaction is the rearrangement ofatoms
- 14What group on the period table consists of the alkali metals?Group 1A
- 15What group on the period table consists of the halogens?group 7A
- 16What group on the periodic table consists of the nobel gases?group 8A
- 17the 3 subatomic particles which make up an atom are..protons
neutrons
electrons - 18protons arepositively charged
- 19electrons arenegatively charged
- 20neutrons areneutral, have no charge
- 21conclusion of Rutherford's Gold Foil experiment:there must be a small, dense, positively charged nucleus in the atom that deflects the positive particles that come close
- 22proton has a mass of approx1 (1.007) amu
- 23neutron has a mass of approx1 (1.008) amu
- 24electron has a mass of approx0.00055 amu
- 25the atomic number of an element...is specific for each
is the same for all atoms of an element
is equal to the number of PROTONS in an atom - 26all atoms are electrically neutral and have an equal amount of:electrons and protons
- 27mass number of an elementrepresents number of subatomic particles in the nucleus, which is equal to the sum of the protons and neutrons
- 28isotopesatoms of the same element that have different mass numbers (atomic number stays the same) So protons are the same but number of neutrons differs
- 29atomic massdifferent then the mass number
gives the mass of an "average" atom of each element
calculated using a weighted average - 30to calculate the atomic mass of an element we need to know the:percent abundance of each isotope and its mass
- 31which subatomic particle determines the physical and chemical properties of atoms?electrons
- 32electrons surround the nucleus in specific..energy levels
- 33the higher the electron energy levels...the more electrons they hold
the more energy the electrons have
the further away it is from the nucleus - 34the number of sublevels (s,p,d,f) within an energy level is equal to?the value of the principal quantum number
- 35each electron sublevel consists of?orbitals
- 36orbitals are..regions where there is the highest probability of finding an electron
have their own unique 3D shape
can hold up to 2 electrons - 37—
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- Veterinary Technology Flashcards on Atoms and Elements - Chem Lec 3, created by Alison Salvaggio on 20/09/2017.
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- Alison Salvaggio
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