10571710
Description
Flashcards by Cornel Swart, updated more than 1 year ago
|
Created by Cornel Swart
over 6 years ago
|
|
| Question | Answer |
| Who Discovered Cells? | -Robert Hooke -Discovered by looking at dead plant cells in a cork (using a compound microscope he built himself) |
| What is a cell? | -Smallest unit with the properties of life |
| Who was the first to describe protozoa, bacteria, the vacuole of the cell, and muscle fiber? | -Anton Van Leeuwenhoek |
| What does cell theory state? | 1. Organisms consist of one or more cells 2. The cell is the most basic unit of life 3. All cells come from other cells |
| Why aren't cells bigger? | -The greater surface area to volume, the more efficiently materials cross its surface and become disturbed through the interior *Think about heating a turkey in the oven vs. heating a pea in the oven* |
| Cell membranes are composed of what layers? | -Two phospholipid layers |
| The cell membrane (or plasma membrane) forms a ________ between the ____ and the _______ __________. | -Boundary, cell, outside environment |
| What is a phospholipid? | -A molecule composed of three basic parts: ~ A charged phosphate (PO4-) ~ Glycerol ~Two Fatty Acid Chains ~Glycerol and phosphate form "Head" ~Fatty Acids Form "Tail" |
| Polar molecules love _____ molecules, so water and the polar head of the ____________ form a ________ bond. | -Polar, Phospholipid, Hydrogen |
| What is it called when non-polar tails are attracted to each other and repel water? | -Hydrophillic - The tails of phospholipids are Hydrophobic |
| What is a "sandwich membrane"? | -The polar and non-polar properties of the phospholipids causes them to arrange themselves in layers |
| What are the the properties of "fluid mosaic model"? | -Cell membrane is flexible not rigid -Makes the cell membrane act like oil on the surface of the water |
| What does selective permeability mean? | -The cell membrane allows some, but not all materials to cross |
| What are different ways molecules can cross the membrane (3)? | -Small non-polar molecules easily pass through the membrane -Small polar molecules are transported via proteins -Large molecules are moved in vesicles |
| What is Diffusion? | -Passsive process that requires no energy (ATP) -Molecules simply flow from high concentration to low concentration |
| What is Osmosis? | -(Diffusion of water) is the diffusion of water across a membrane |
| What is an Isotonic solution? | - A solution whose solute concentration is the same as the solute concentration inside the cell |
| What is a Hypotonic solution? | -A solution whose solute concentration is lower than the solute concentration inside a cell |
| What is a Hypertonic solution? | -A solution whose solute concentration is higher than the solute concentration inside a cell |
| What is Cytolysis? | - Bursting cells from too much water absorption |
| What is Plasmolysis? | -When you don't have enough water in your cells |
| What is "Facilitated Diffusion"? | - A form of passive transport for molecules that cannot diffuse through the membrane |
| What do Ion Channels help transport? | -Ions across the membrane -Ex: Na+, k+, Cl- |
| What does "Active Transport" require? | - Energy (ATP), carried out by ION - Moves molecules from low to high concentration |
| What is Endocytosis? | - is the active transport of large molecules through the membrane into the cell by forming a vesicle around external materials |
| What is Pinocystosis? | - is a from of endocytosis that involves the transport of fluids |
| What is Phagocytosis? | - form of endocytosis that involves the transport of large particles (eg. bacteria) |
Want to create your own Flashcards for free with GoConqr? Learn more.