106038
Description
Flashcards by siobhan.quirk, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by siobhan.quirk
almost 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| species | a group of individual organisms very similar in appearance, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and genetics whose members are able to interbreed freely to produce fertile offspring |
| habitat | place where an organism lives |
| Biodiversity | the variety of life - the range of living organisms to be found |
| Random sampling | studying a small part of the habitat and assuming it contains a representatuve set of speices that can be applied to the whole habitat. Chosen at random |
| Species richness | number of species present in a habitat |
| Simpson's diversity index | a formula used to measure the diveristy of a habitat |
| Biological classfication | process of sorting living things into groups |
| Taxonomy | study of principles of classfication |
| Phylogeny | study of evolutionary relationships between organisms |
| Prokaryotes | have no nucleus |
| Protocists | organisms that don't fit into other four kingdoms - many single celled |
| Fungi | organisms that are mostly saprophytic. Consist of a mycelium with walls made from chitin |
| Plants | multicellular organisms that gain their nutrition from photosynthesis |
| Animals | heterotropic multicellular eukaryotes |
| Binomial system | uses two names to identify each species, genus and species |
| Dichotomus key | uses a series of questions with two alternative answers to help you identify a specimen |
| Variation | presence of variety - of differences between individuals |
| Genetic variation | caused by differences between the genes and the combinations of genes or alleles |
| Continuous variation | variation ub which there is a full range of intermdeiate phenotypes between two extremes |
| Discontinous variation | variation in which there are discete groups of phenotypes with no or very few individuals in between |
| Adaptation | feautre that enhances survivial and long term reproductive success |
| Xerophytic | plants that are adapted to living in very dry conditions |
| Natural selection | 'selection' by the environment of particular individuals that show certain variations |
| Speciation | formation of a new species |
| Extinction | a species ceases to exist |
| Conservation | in situ means conserving a species in its normal environment |
| Conservaion | ex situ means conserving an endangered species by activites that take place outside its natural environment |
| Environmental impact assessment | a procedure to assess the likely significatn effect that a proposed development mauy have on the environment |
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