8.1 The Earth and its rocks

Question	Answer
What is geology?	The study of rocks, their history and the processes that form and change them.
What is crust?	The outer most layer of the Earth, composed of solid rock. Image: The Earth Layers (binary/octet-stream)
What is the asthenosphere?	Top layer of the mantle, composed of 'plastic' rock. Image: Asthenosphere Diagram (binary/octet-stream)
What is the core?	The core is the inner most layer of the Earth. Image: The Earth Layers (binary/octet-stream)
What is the rock cycle?	A model geologist used to explain the inner cycle change that rocks undergo. Image: Diagram Of Rock Cycle (binary/octet-stream)
What are the three main types of rock?	Igneous rocks, Sedimentary rocks, Metamorphic rocks.
How is an Igneous rock formed? Image: Igneous Rock (binary/octet-stream)	Rock formed from cooling magma or lava. Image: Igneous Rock Formation (binary/octet-stream)
How is a sedimentary rock made? Image: Sedimentary Rocks (binary/octet-stream)	Rock made by the sediments being cemented together. Image: Sedimentary Rock Diagram (binary/octet-stream)
What is a metamorphic rock? Image: Metamorphic Rock (binary/octet-stream)	Rock form when temperature and or pressure alter existing rock. Image: Metamorphic Rock Diagram (binary/octet-stream)
Name the processes that change the three different types of rock	Weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction and cementation, melting, crystalisation & metamorphosis.
What is weathering?	Rock broken down into smaller pieces. Image: Weathering Diagram (binary/octet-stream)
What is erosion?	The broken rock material that is transported to one place to another. Image: Weathering And Erosion Diagram (binary/octet-stream)
What is deposition?	The broken rock material settles, forming sediment. Image: Deposition Process (binary/octet-stream)
What is compaction and cementation?	The sediment becomes packed together, and then chemically bound. Image: Compaction And Cementation Diagram (binary/octet-stream)
What is melting?	A solid rock heated forming magma.
What is crystallisation?	When the magma becomes solid. Image: Crystallisation Diagram (binary/octet-stream)
What is metamorphosis?	A rock changed by intense heat and or pressure.
Name the processes of physical weathering.	Wind, temperature change, water and ice, crystallisation of salts.
What is chemical weathering?	Water or chemicals in water or air, reacting and breaking down rock Image: Chemical Weathering (binary/octet-stream)
What is biological weathering?	Living things and their products breaking down rock. Image: Biological Weathering Diagram (binary/octet-stream)
What are the agents of erosion?	Factors that erosion are: Water, Wind, Gravity and Ice
What is cement?	Natural chemicals found in water that can bind sediments together.

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8.1 The Earth and its rocks

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	Created by Jibreel Hamdan over 6 years ago