11328944
Description
Flashcards by Zita Wormuth, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Zita Wormuth
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What do skeletal muscles enable us to do? | To walk, run and carry out a range of voluntary physical activities |
| What is the function of smooth muscles? | To allow involuntary movement of organs |
| What is the function of the cardiac muscle? | To allow for heart contraction which pumps the blood |
| What is extensibility? | The ability to be stretched |
| What is elasticity? | The ability to return to the original length after being stretched |
| Briefly describe the structure of a skeletal muscle | Skeletal muscle ➡ Bundles of muscle fibres ➡ Myofibrils ➡ Myofilaments ➡ Actin and Myosin |
| Describe the structure of a myofibril | |
| What are the two proteins involved in the sliding filament model? | Myosin (Thick filament) Actin (Thin filament) |
| What is the sliding filament model/theory? | An explanation on how muscle contraction occurs |
| Describe the positioning of a relaxed sarcomere | Each Z line is far apart, Actin is not overlapping |
| Describe the positioning of a partially contracted sarcomere | Z lines move closer to each other - actin and myosin begins sliding past each other |
| Describe the positioning of a fully contracted myofibril | Z lines are much closer together, but the actin and myosin hasn't changed length |
| What is a tendon? | Inelastic tissue which connects muscle to bone |
| What is an antagonist muscle? | The movement of two muscles moving in opposite direction during the same action |
| What is a bicep? | The muscle on the front part of the upper arm |
| What is a tricep? | The muscle on the back part of the upper arm |
| What is an origin? | The end of the muscle fixed to a stationary bone |
| What is an insertion? | When a muscle is fixed to a movable bone |
| What is the belly of a muscle? | The thick fleshy part of the middle of the muscle |
| What is an agonist/prime mover? | A muscle that causes a desired action |
| What is a synergist? | A muscle that helps the agonist/prime mover |
| What is a fixator? | When a synergist immobilises a joint |
| How is muscle tone caused? | By maintaining partial contraction of skeletal muscles |
| What is posture? | The characteristic way a person holds their body when standing or sitting |
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