11900081
Description
| Question | Answer |
| definition of personalisation | every person who receives support, whether by statutory services or funded by themselves, will have care over the shape of that support in all care settings. |
| personalisation means that individuals will have to decide which outcomes they wish to achieve and ... | how their needs and aspirations may be met. it is a proactive approach for the individual rather than the traditional approach which determined what service they would receive and here and how these services would be provided. |
| personal budgets | a personal budget is an AGREED AMOUNT OF MONEY THAT IS USED TO CARRY OUT OR deliever certain aspects of provision set out in an individuals support plan |
| two types of personal budgets | direct payments - your being allocated money directly however there could be an authorised person if you lack mental capacity managed accounts - managed by local authority in line with the person's wishes . |
| co-production | collaboration or working together. it is a partnership[ between citizens and public services, such as healthy schools, to achieve valuable outcomes. the idea is empower citizens to contribute time, expertise and effort to their local communities. co - production recognises that individual who use social care have skills and expertise that they can share with others. strengthens communities |
| choice and control | lets them make there on decisions on where and how their care is provided and the support they need to live a full and independent life. Individuals may decide to have better -housing option -person - centred support plans -personal budgets -support in the form of a personal assistant |
| self - assessment of needs | is led as far as possible by the person who uses the service or in partnership with a professional and focuses on the outcome they want to achieve. the professional will talk to the individual about the support they need in different areas of their life. identify preventative measures like aids and home adaptions such as handrails |
| changing roles of professionals | everyone has their own dreams or aspirations so the professional must be sensitive and non - judgemental . listening can empower them to take control of their life and be able to make their decisions valued and they will respond to the professional feels it may not be the individual with all the relevant information and allow them to make their choice and their decisions without compromising safeguarding issues. |
| benefits of personalisation to an individual 5 | -individuals gain and maintain control -individuals can remain in their own home when receiving care -inclusion in community -improved information and guidance -improved quality of life, self - esteem and socialisation |
| individuals gain and maintain control | individuals can gain and control a budget if they opt for direct payments. If they have employed a personal assistant, they also control everyday aspects of their life that other people take for granted such as going to bed when they want. they do not have to fit into other people timetables. |
| individuals can remain in their own home when receiving care | remaining in there own home is important for most individuals as they may feel they ill leave their memories behind if they go to a care home. |
| inclusion in community | inclusion mens the individual are involved in the same activites as the rest of the community. they feel valued, are treated with respect and fee; part of the community. An individual could use previous experience from job roles or skills. |
| improved information and guidance | to make good decisions about the support they need, everyone must have access to the right advice, guidance, information and advocacy. |
| improved quality of life, self-esteem and socialisation | if an individual has nore control over their everyday life then their quality of life improves as they have choices. this in turn improves self-esteem, and if people feel good about themselves they are more willing to meet new people and socialise. it can be difficult to build and maintain social relationships without confidence. it also works the other way round. |
| positive impacts of personalisation | -direct payment for care -inclusion within communities -remaining in their own home -access to information and guidance allows for better choice -new opportunities e.g. employment |
| challenges | - care is limited - budgets - availability and access to some services may be restricted -worry about spending budget as all money has to be accounted for. |
| legislation underpinning personalisation | -health and social care act 2012 -local authority circular 2008 - the care act 2014 -children and families act 2014 |
| health and social care act 2012 | reinforced and empowers patients to make choices. it enables patients to choose services that best meet their needs. - strengthened the collective voice of patients services providers and commissioners should welcome feedback as a means of assessing the quality of their services - provides a basis for the better collaboration partnership working and integration across local government and NHS -clinical commission groups monitor and health and wellbeing boards all have duties to involve patients, carers and the public. - provides the establishment of healthwatch england as a statutory committee of the CQC represing the view of users of health and social care services, other members of the public. |
| local authority circular 2008 | reinforces the commitment to personalisation. it seeks to reassure individuals that whatever their circumstances they will have a voice and a choice in their care, enabling them and their supporters to maintain or improve their wellbeing and independence rather than relying on intervention at the point of an emergency of crisis. this is about prevention rather than waiting for something to go wrong. |
| the care act 2014 | puts people and their carers in control of their care and support. -people in need of support are encourage to think about what outcomes they want, for their wellbeing -if a carer has needs and is eligible for support, they have legal right to assessment and to receive support -local authorites will encourage and help people to lead healthy lives - provide clear guidence - a greater emphais on the use oof advocates -tougher penalities for those who don't provide care - greater emphasis on safeguarding, personal budgets. makes sure individuals views are always considered |
| children and families act 2014 | focuses on - - the importance of involving young people and their parents/carers in all decisions -choice and control for the children involved in decision making - local authority to intergrate services - assesment -a single education and health care plan -empowering young people so they are engaged and supported to plan for their future. - the duty of the local authority to carry out a child's needs assesment for young people who may need support to make informed choices for their future - the duty of local authority to provide information advice and support on health social care and education. |
| role of local authority | decentrailing and commission - outsourcing services and greater range of choice assessment - education, health and care plan (EHCP) , fair access to care and budgets the care act - removal of geographical barriers housing - meeting housing needs, adaption, choice of residence |
| person-centred approach | -knowing the person as an individual -empowering and power - respecting the individual's values and preferences - choice and autonomy -respect and dignity -empathy and compassion |
| balance between what is important to and what is important for a person | individuals receiving support are entitled to take risks if they want to. As part of person-centred care, carers need to see risk taking as positive rather than negative. its now recognised that risk taking can have positive benefits for an individual, allowing them to do things just like others people. Risks are part of everyday life. |
| enhancing voice, choice and control | a balance has to be achieved between levels of protection and levels of choice and control. the wishes of the individual and the duty of care must also be carefully balanced. there may be some level of compromise on behalf of the individual, their family, carer or a professional. empowerment should mean allowing an inidividual to make their own decisions that carers may disagree with |
| clarification of roles and responsibilities | its the role and responsibilities of the carer/personal assistant to provide support for the individual to enable them to live the life they want. Professionals are no longer in charge of making decisions about an individual's life. |
| Principles of a person- centred approach and how they support person- centred care | independence and rights co-production, choice and control inclusive and competent communities |
| independence and rights | -to live the way they want to -to be employed -to form meaningful relationships |
| co-production, choice and control | -be treated as an equal partner in decision making about their care -be able to make decisions about their life -have more of what is important to them |
| Inclusive and competent communities | feel valued as a neighbour, friend - have friends, social contacts, ways o contributing reasons to go out each day, a real home, meaningful work, hobbies, freedom to make decisions - can use community resources such as sports clubs |
| current context of the person-centred approach | -the policy landscape -role of a person- centred approach in achieving good practice in the delivery of care services |
| the policing landscape | all te acts, summarised, confirm the goverment's commitment to personalisation, personal budgets featured earlier in the health and social care act |
| role of a person- centred approach in achieving good practice in the delivery of care services | an individual who is involved in their own treatment is more likely to continue with treatment and be happy with the outcome. When involved in the decision - making process they are more knowledge and less anxious as they understand the risks and benefits. they have been able to ask any questions to clarify concerns as ro feel that their opinion counts. |
| historic overview institutional history of public services | 19th century - individuals with mental health issues moved to asylums and workhouses. these were long -stay institutions with most people confined there until they died. were regarded as second class citizens an showed them little respect denied autonomy,choice and dignity in the 1940/50s only some people were put in institutions. However the movement for equal rights for people with disabilities was gaining momentum. 1990s saw the introduction of direct payments and in the 2000 the closure of the last institutions ended segregated. |
| disability rights movement and links to person-centred approach | 1995 - protests led by disabled people led to the introduction of the disability discrimination act. this makes it illegal to discriminate against people in connection with employment, the provision of goods, facilities and services. 1996 allows direct payments - this allowed choice and control and empowerment living. |
| challenges to adopting a person- centred approach | -resistance to change -institutional history of public services -institutions promoting a medical model of health - lack of staff -communication barriers -respecting choice when alternatives many promoting better health or wellbeing - focusing on deficits rather than capacities -lack of clarit over roles and responsibilites |
| resistance to change | emotional reaction based on fear of loss. some individuals may not want to lose the safety net of someone else making decisions for them. professionals may feel loss of power as they are no longer in control |
| institutional history of public services | common to accept professionals decisions as they knew best |
| institutions promoting a medical model of health | the medical model of health sees disability as a problem belonging to the individual as they are limited by their condition and cannot participate in society, Institutions such as the NHS focus on the curing of fixing the individual as they can deal with disabilities using medical advances such as surgery or medication |
| lack of staff training | need to be trained as they will need a different set of skills |
| comunication barriers | good communication is the basis of a person-centred approach as it helps to establish trusting relationships and ensure that information is passed on and understood. Barriers can lead to resentment, frustration and misunderstanding |
| respecting choice when alternatives may promote better health or wellbeing | it can be difficult for professional to accept an individual's choice. Particularly if their choice could potentially affect their health. |
| focusing on deficits rather than capacities | in the past professionals assessed individuals in terms of what they could not do . then they set the individuals goals to overcome the deficits instead of focusing on the individual's strengths , as the person-centred approach does. |
| lack of clarity over roles and responsibilities | everyone is an equal partner, so roles and responsibilities are shared between the individual, the family, carers and professionals. |
| methods for overcoming challenges | -values - based recruitment -staff training -regular review of support provided -recognising when provision is not person-centred and taking action to rectify this -modelling behaviour |
| values - based recruitment | designed to help and support employers in recruiting staff with social care values. Part of this process involves asking questions at job interview that enable candidates to give examples of behaviour in their previous roles that demonstrate their values in action. |
| staff training | reduces the job stress and reduce staff turnover as well as adding job satisfaction. Staff must have the confidence for delivering person-centred care through skills |
| regular review of support provided | regular reviews are essential as they are as important as the support care plan. reviews should be conducted in a person - centred way when the individual, their family and the professionals feel it is necessary. |
| recognising when provision is not person-centred and taking action to rectify | professional working with the individual fails to constantly check that the individual is aware of what is happening and that they are in control of the process. If the individual does feel in control then this is easily rectified by the professional. |
| modelling behaviour | is observing good practice of how other professionals carry out person-centred care and them imiting or copying it. |
| tools to find out what is important for a person | good days/ bad days routines top tips relationship circles one page profiles |
| good/bad days | encourages an individual to describe a typical good day so the carer can learn what makes a good day and what support is needed to achieve it. factors for bad days can also be identified and avoided. |
| routines | getting an individual to talk through their daily routine will provide an idea of what is and what isnt working for them. |
| top tips | the purpose of this is to learn what is most important to the individual and the critical aspects of support they need. it is useful when the carer has only a few minutes to find out what they should know and what they need to do to create a meaningful, safe and enjoyable day for the individual. |
| relationship circles | relationship maps, relationship circles help to identify who an individual knows, how they know them, who else in the circle knows them and how these networks can help support an individual to live the life they want. this identifies who is closest to the individual and who is further away. there are many different types or relationship maps or circles |
| one page profiles | summary of what matters to a person produced on a single of A4 paper |
| tools that enhance voice, choice and control | -communication charts -decision-making charts -building effective relationships with individuals who require care or support |
| communication chart | these are essential tool when individuals do not use words to communicate. They describe the ways an individual chooses to communicate so that other people understand them. they can reduce the frustration of not being understood, protect dignity and can createa more inclusive environment. |
| decision making charts | this helps a carer support an individual to make decisions by breaking them down into three easy sections -important decision in my life -how must i be involved -who makes the final decision the process helps carers think about how much choice and control an individual has in their life. it can lead to thinking abot ways to increase choice and control for the individual. |
| building effective relationships with individuals who require care or support | learning to talk and listen to individuals is the only ay to get to know them and build up trust. the carer should always treat individuals with dignity, compassion and respect. Once an individual feels confident that the carer is trust worthy and rely on their carer. |
| tools to clarify roles and responsibilites in the care relationship | doughnut (donut) chart |
| donut chart | this tools to help the carers to see: - what they must do. these are the thing carers are expected to do correctly: for example to encourage an individual to eat healthily and stay safe - when they can use their own creativity and judgement (middle ring) - what is not their responsibility ( outside) |
| how to develop person-centred plans and records | -understand how the individual communicates their wishes and needs -focus on the individual's capabilities and how they can best be supported to make decisions - finding out what is important to a person's life |
| understand how the individual communicates their wishes and needs | for an individual who does not communicate verbally prepared support for their preferred method before the planning session. this could be through photographs. DVDs etc. An advocate may speak on behalf of the individual |
| focus on the individual's capabilities and how they can best be supported making decisions | this is focusing on what an individual is good at and what other people think are their strength could form the basis of the types of employment, career paths, educational courses and social activites the may wish to pursue. An individual will need to identify the hey areas in which they needs support and decie how can get that support |
| finding out what is important to a person to have a good quality of life | services used to focus on what is important for an individual. |
| finding out who is important in a person's life | imformation on clarity of roles and responsibilites |
| review meetings | the importance of reviews in health and social care builds and shares information collaboratively generates actions |
| the purpose of review meetings | meet changing needs review the budge ensure care relationship are effective review the person- centred description |
| planning and preparing for review meeting | understanding the role of a facilitator how the individual can be made to feel as comfortable as possible during the meeting |
| the role of a facilitator | supports the person whose review its and considers them to be at the centre of the meeting. they make sure that those at the meeting focus on the individuals and their strengths by asking questions. the facilitator invites contribution from the people at the meeting helps the goup compare assists the group in agreeing checks the individual is happy |
| how the individual can be made to feel as comfortable as possible during the meeting | make sure they have a choice on who they want present environment time |
| conducting review meetings | -person- centred tools during the meeting MAPS PATH ELP personal future planning - Asking appropraiete questions -review budget -generate actions |
| person - centred tools during the meetings | MAPS (making action plans) - support the individual towards a move positive future. Maps has several stages and is drawn from the different areas of an individual's life. it should result in an action plan to set out who will do what PATH - identify the individuals hopes and dreams goals and what it would entail to move nearer to these. essential lifestyle planning - uses detailed planning to focus on an individual life now and how it could recognise what is important to the individual and the support needed to acheive this. personal future planning - developed for an individuals complex support needs. it starts with their current situation and focuses on the changes for the future |
| asking appropriate questions | answering these question will alllow issues and concerns to be addressed early in the process so there is less chance of escalation e/g/ what is important to you now |
| review budget | a review of a budget is necessary to keep an individual's support needs under scrutiny in order to ensure that these need are successfully being met by an ageed budget. |
| generate actions | any issues picked uo at the review meeting will have an action plan with specific deadlines. |
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