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Description
Flashcards by Mrs Z Rourke, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Mrs Z Rourke
about 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is name of the cell trying to destroy the bacteria? | Phagocyte |
| How do phagocytes work? | The phagocyte engulfs the bacterial cell. The bacterial cell is broken down by enzymes inside the phagocyte. |
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What is the name of this cell?
Image:
Rbc (binary/octet-stream)
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Red blood cell |
| How are red blood cells adapted for their function? | 1. Have no nucleus so they can carry more oxygen. 2. Biconcave in shape to maximise surface area to absorb oxygen. 3. Contain haemoglobin - allows oxygen to bind. |
| What are the four parts of the blood? | Red blood cells White blood cells Platelets Plasma |
| What is the function of platelets? | For clotting |
| What is the function of red blood cells? | Contain heamoglobin to carry oxygen |
| What is the function of plasma? | Transport carbon dioxide, soluble food, urea, hormones and the distribution of heat |
| What is the function of white blood cells? | Defence against disease |
| What is the heart made of and what is its function? | The heart is made up muscle, which contracts to pump blood around the body. |
| Which way does blood flow in arteries and veins? | Arteries = away from the heart Veins =towards the heart |
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Image:
Heart (binary/octet-stream)
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Learn the structure of the heart! Remember the left is on the right and the right is on the left |
| How does blood flow through the heart? | 1. Blood flows into the atrium 2. The muscles in the atrium contract forcing the valve to open to the ventricle. 3. Blood moves into the ventricle. 4. Valve between atrium and ventricle close. 5. Muscles in the ventricle contract and force semi-lunar valve to open. 6. Blood moves out of the heart. (This will happen on both sides) |
| Why are valves required in the heart? | To prevent backflow of blood - prevents oxygenated and deoxygenated blood from mixing. |
| What are the two parts of the circulatory system? | Pulmonary system - system for the lungs Systemic system - system for the other organs of the body |
| What are the three types of blood vessels? | Arteries, veins and capillaries. |
| What is the function of capillaries? | Exchange of substances from the blood into cells and vice versa. |
| How are capillaries adapted for their function? | Have thin walls - diffusion can happen quicker Form extensive networks - every cell is near a capillary carrying blood |
| What are the risk factors for cardiovascular disease? | Include: high levels of fat high levels of salt high blood pressure high blood cholesterol smoking genetic factors lack of exercise |
| The diagram shows a cross section of an artery. What has built up in the artery? | Atheroma |
| How can atheromas lead to heart disease? | Fatty deposits cause a narrowing and restrict the flow of blood through the artery. |
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