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Flashcards

6. Instrument Landing System

Ella Davies RNAV English 119 cards

Cards in this deck (119)

  1. 1what are the three components of an ILSlocaliser
    glidepath
    markers
  2. 2Localiser abbreviationLLZ
  3. 3Glidepath AbbreviationGP
  4. 4what piece of equipment can be used instead of markersDMEs
  5. 5what is provided by the Localiserhorizontal guidance
  6. 6what is provided by the glidepathvertical guidance
  7. 7what is provided by the Markers or DMErange information
  8. 8where is the localiser situatedat the far end of the runway
  9. 9why is the localiser situated at the far end of the runwayso that it an guide the aircraft during braking once on the runway
  10. 10where is the Glidepath situated120m from the centre line and 300 m after the threshold, on the side of the runway
  11. 11what range of frequencies is used for the localizer108.0 - 111.975 MHz, odd first decimal
  12. 12what frequencies are used for the glidepathUHF
  13. 13what frequency is used by the markersVHF, 75 MHz
  14. 14which of the ILS' components frequency is setthe localiser frequency in use is set
  15. 15how is the glidepath frequency used if the localiser frequency is seteach one 40 ILS (localiser) frequencies has an individual corresponding glidepath frequency that will be set automatically
  16. 16what is the basic principle of the ILSdifference in depth of modulation
  17. 17what happens to the distance accuracy as you get closerincreases
  18. 18how is the correct guidance achievedsignal comparison of angular displacement
  19. 19define markersbeacon that transmits information vertically only, therefore you only receive the information when you fly over it
  20. 20what are the three markers found before the runway calledouter
    middle
    inner
  21. 21what is the ideal distance of the outer marker from the the threshold3.9 nm
  22. 22what is the standard range of distance from the threshold to the outer marker§3.5 to 6nm
  23. 23what are the ranges of distances from the threshold to the middle marker1050 ±150 m
  24. 24what can you say about the appearance of the inner beaconit is not mandatory for an ILS approach
  25. 25what is important about to remember about the outer markerit is MANDATORY
  26. 26what are the frequencies of the two signals each side of the glidepath emitted by the localiser90 Hz
    150 Hz
  27. 27how is the signal emitted by the localiser modulated2 overlapping lobes both AM modulated
    one at 90 Hz
    one at 150 Hz
  28. 28what does the DDM determine in regards to equipmentthe position of the localiser needle
  29. 29what do some ILS' transmitbackbeam lobes
  30. 30what can the back beam lobes be used be used to provideguidance along the centre line (only centre line)
  31. 31what is an approach using the back beams calleda non precision approach
  32. 32what does a non precision approach refer toan approach made with centre line guidance, no glidepath guidance
  33. 33what issues are associated with approaching from the back beam? (4)no glideslope indications
    no markers
    less accurate than front beam
    needles sense reversed on a CDI
  34. 34what is the main difference between the CDI and HSI when approaching from the backbeamthe CDI sense will be reversed , but the not on the HSI if the Outbound course is set
  35. 35which frequency band does the glideslope transmit inUHF
  36. 36Why is a back beam approach not an issue in more advanced aircraftwhen the QDM is selected the flight management system detects the difference from the normal QDM and applies the compensation
  37. 37what frequencies in the UHF band do glide slopes transmit on (range)329 - 335 MHz
  38. 38which AM lobe is is on top of the glideslopethe 90 Hz lobe
  39. 39which AM lobe is under the glidepaththe 150 Hz AM lobe
  40. 40what is the standard glideslope angle3 ˚
  41. 41how is the glideslope frequency setwhen you set the Localiser frequency , there is a corresponding glideslope frequency that is automatically set
  42. 42what does the ILS localised have to have/doidentified by morse code audial signal, consisting of 3 letters beginning with an I for ILS
  43. 43in what plane does the localiser provide guidancelateral guidance
  44. 44in which plane does the glideslope provide guidancevertical plane
  45. 45what does the marker providerange checkpoints, to check you descent
  46. 46what equipment may be used in conjunction with the ILSlocators
    Terminal VORS
    DME
  47. 47when is it likely that you will find inner markersCAT 2 or CAT 3 facilities
  48. 48what can you say about the accuracy of the ILSit increases as you get closer
  49. 49when on the DDM, what can you say about the two different AM lobesthey have an equal modulation index
  50. 50what is the morse code IDENT associated with the outer marker2 dashes
  51. 51what is the morse code IDENT associated with the inner markerdot dash dot dash
  52. 52what is the morse code IDENT associated with the inner markerdot dot dot dot dot dot
    (dot x 6)
  53. 53what is the audio frequency of the outer markers Ident400 hz
  54. 54what is the audio frequency of the middle markers Ident1300 hz
  55. 55what is the audio frequency of the inner markers Ident3000 hz
  56. 56what is the ILS coverage 17 nm from the runway35 ˚ from the DDM
  57. 57what is the ILS coverage 25 nm from the runway10˚ either side of the DDM
  58. 58what is the ILS range from the runway when 35 ˚either side of the DDM17 nm
  59. 59what is the ILS range from the runway when 10˚either side of the DDM25 nm
  60. 60what is the approximate glidepath coverage above and below the DDM8˚ above and below the glidepath
  61. 61what is the approximate range from the runway that you can follow the ILS in regards to the glidepath10nm
  62. 62if theta is the optimum glidepath, what is the minimum factor above the ground that you must not be in0.45 theta
  63. 63if theta is the optimum glidepath, what is the upper limit of the glidepath equal to in terms of theta1.75 theta (above the ground )
  64. 64within the 0.45 theta from the ground and the upper limit of 1.75 theta, when theta is the optimum glidepath angle, what will you not haveany interference within your signal
  65. 65what is an issue associated with the glidepathfalse beams
  66. 66what do we have false beamsbecause the AM lobes get reflected from the ground
  67. 67if not picked up what can happen if an aircraft follows a false glideslopeit would cause an alarming rate of decent, and the needle on the equipment used would be centralised, and potentially not be picked up
  68. 68what does the glideslope not carry, that the localiser does carryan IDENT
  69. 69what frequency do all marker beacons transmit ona radio frequency of 75 Mhz
  70. 70why do the markers generally have a very small chance of interferencethe energy pattern is fan shaped and mainly vertical
  71. 71what can you say about the different markersthey all transmit on the same frequency but have different rates of AM for each marker
  72. 72what is the outer markers rate of identification2 per second
  73. 73what is the middle markers rate of identification3 per second
  74. 74what is the inner markers rate of identification6 per second
  75. 75what is the light associated with the outer marker that will flash in accordance with the identBlue
  76. 76what is the light associated with the middle marker that will flash in accordance with the identamber
  77. 77what is the light associated with the inner marker that will flash in accordance with the identwhite
  78. 78what does the airborne equipment of the ILS consist ofreceiver (with localiser, glideslope and marker beacon facilities)
    three aerials
    control unit
    indicator
    set of marker beacon lights
  79. 79what is the full deflection of the LOCALISER display2.5 ˚ (0.5˚ per dot)
  80. 80What has no impact on the deflection of the needle of the Localiserthe heading
  81. 81what is the deviation of the needle dependant onthe strength of the modulated signals
  82. 82if an aircraft was flying away from the normal ILS indicators, what would the pilot need to do in order to fly on the correct glideslopefly in the opposite direction to what the needle is indicating
  83. 83what should can you say about the g/s descent when more than 2.5˚/ half scale deflection from the centrelineit should not even be attempted - immediate go around
  84. 84what is the full scale defection of the glideslope indication0.7 ˚
  85. 85why is the full deflection of the glideslope so smallbecause it requires a very high level of accuracy to be safe enough
  86. 86what range do you have to be in to use the GS descentwithin half scale deflection
  87. 87what does an up indication tell you to dofly upwards
  88. 88when will flag alarms appearwhen the aircraft is out of the ILS service area
    there is a fault in transmission
    the ground or airborne equipment is switched off
  89. 89what error is common for the ILSmultipath errors, where the the 90 hz AM lobe is reflected of terrain and objects
  90. 90how can you check your RoD at the markersby checking your VSI
  91. 91how can you avoid joining a false beam glideslopejoin from below, the first one you interact will be the correct signal
  92. 92how can the errors of the beam bends be mitigatedflight tests, where the ILS is calibrated
  93. 93what is the multipath of the ILS referred to asILS beam bends
  94. 94what is your decision height of the ILS cat l200 ft
  95. 95what is your decision height of an ILS CAT ll100 ft
  96. 96what is your decision height of an ILS CAT lll0 ft
  97. 97what is height is the guidance down to on a ILS CAT l operation200 ft
  98. 98what is height is the guidance down to on a ILS CAT ll operation100 ft
  99. 99what is height is the guidance down to on a ILS CAT lll operationdown to and along the surface of the runway
  100. 100define the protected airspacehalf scale deflection of the LLZ and half scale fly up of the GP
  101. 101define the ILS critical Areaarea of defined dimensions about the LLZ and GP antennas where vehicles are excluded from during ILS operations
  102. 102define the ILS sensitive Areaarea beyond the critical area, where parking and/or movement of vehicles is controlled to prevent the possibility of unacceptable interference to the ILS signal during ILS operations.
    MUST NOT BE MOVING SO CANNOT ENTER !!
  103. 103when in a Category l ILS approach what are the timings associated with detecting and resolving issuesLLZ : 10 seconds
    GP: 6 seconds
  104. 104when in a Category ll ILS approach what are the timings associated with detecting and resolving issuesLLZ: 5 seconds
    GP: 2 seconds
  105. 105when in a Category lll ILS approach what are the timings associated with detecting and resolving issuesLLZ: 2 seconds
    GP: 2 seconds
  106. 106if back up fails, what happens ?removal of the ident and AM lobes from the carrier
    cease of radiation
    warning displayed at the designated control point
  107. 107what can you say about the hold points when comparing CAT l and CAT ll / lll opertationsthe holding positions for CAT ll and CAT lll are much further away than the holding positions for CAT l operations
  108. 108what can be the issues with FM Broadcast stations- can interfere with LLZ due to a wide bandwidth
    - results in false indications of HSI/OBS dev bar
  109. 109what is put in place to resolve the issues associated with FM broadcast stationsfilters to immunise equipments from those interferences - MANDATORY
  110. 110How can the FM broadcast stations interfere with the LLZ transmissionsthey may cross over the 108 MHz signal
  111. 111what is one of disadvantages of the ILS systemmaintenance cost
    e.g. calibration once a year, has to be done by a test pilot and requires expensive equipment
  112. 112what is the formula for the rate of descentRoD (ft per minute) = GS (nm/min) x GPA (˚) x 100
  113. 113what is the rate of descent formula when on a standard 3 ˚ glideslopeRoD = 5 x GS (kts)
  114. 114what is the meaning of the OMaltimeter check
  115. 115what is the meaning of the MMCAT l Minimas
  116. 116what is the meaning of the IMCAT ll Minimas
  117. 117how can you get the correct visual indication on a HSI when you fly a back beam approachby setting the radial to the ILS runway track (head of the needle down)
  118. 118what is the formula for the gradient of descentGoD (ft/NM) = GPA x 100
  119. 119what can you say about the flags that can appear on the indicators of the ILSeach component (GP and LLZ has its own flag)

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RNAV Flashcards on 6. Instrument Landing System, created by Ella Davies on 22/03/2018.
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Ella Davies
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