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| Question | Answer |
| Define the term data (2) | Data is raw facts and figures. They have no context and no meaning. They can be alphanumeric, videos or sound. Data has not been processed. |
| Define the term information (2) | Information is data that has been processed by the computer. Processed can mean having calculations performed on the data or organising the data in some way. |
| Define the term knowledge (2) | Knowledge is obtained from information by applying rules to it. Knowledge is an application of information to a situation. EXAMPLE: sell by date of a sandwich was 1st September 2012, it is out of date and therefore if I eat this sandwich I am likely to become ill. |
| State the formula used to define information (3) | Data + Meaning + Context = Information |
| Give 3 types of data (3) | Alphanumeric, graphics, videos or sound |
| In the context of a supermarket, give an example of Data, Information and Knowledge (3) | Data - 140512 Information – 14 May 2012 is the sell by date of a sandwich Knowledge – The sandwich is past its sell by date. If I eat this sandwich I will become ill |
| State 4 factors which make good quality data (4) | *fit for purpose F *accurate A *unbiased U *up to date U *valid V REMEMBER: D(Data)FAUUV |
| Explain the meaning of the term GIGO (2) | Garbage in garbage out. When you put inaccurate data in to a computer system you get inaccurate data processed (outputted) and not produce information that is useless and cannot be used. |
| Explain what encoding is and give a suitable example (2) | Encoding is assigning codes to data and reducing its size. An example would be Size of clothes- S= Small, M= Medium, L= Large |
| Describe 2 reasons why data is encoded (2) | *Encoded data is quicker to input/type in to a computer system (Do not except “It is quicker/faster to type in”) We do not know what they mean by “it”. *Encoded data takes up less storage space on disk *Encoded data is easier to check using validation methods. *Encoded data is faster to access *Encoded data is quicker to send over a network |
| It is important that data entered into the computer is accurate. Explain 2 consequences of processing inaccurate data (2) | *Incorrect decision being made resulting in loss of money, goods being sent to wrong address, people being refused credit etc. *Loss of goodwill and trust from other companies and customers *Wasting time having to sort out the mistakes *Prosecuted under the data protection act 1998 for not keeping accurate personal data records. |
| In a database system a user has to input data into certain fields using a keyboard. Give 3 different types of errors the user could make (3) | *Transcription error *Transposition error *Input error *Processing error |
| A person’s date of birth is entered into a database. State and describe 2 things the validation program could check regarding this date as part of validation (2) | *Format check – so that date is entered as dd/mm/yy *Presence check – to check the dob has been entered *Range check – to check the number of days does not go past for that month *Range check – check to D.O.B is not after today’s date |
| Describe what a range check is in terms of data validation. Give an example (2) | Data validation technique which checks that the data input to a computer is within a certain range. Example would be checking the data of birth of a yr 9 pupil. If there date of birth is lower than 2000, the system wouldn’t allow that person to enter that date as they are too old for yr 9. |
| Describe what a presence check is in terms of data validation. Give an example (2) | Is used to check that data is entered into the correct fields. For example entering your username and password on Edmodo. |
| Topic 1 Data and Quality of Data Exam Questions | Topic 1 Data and Quality of Data Exam Questions |
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