Flashcards
DIgital Dictionary - Daniel Paez
Cards in this deck (51)
- 1UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE AMBATO LINGUISTICS II NAME: DANIEL PAEZ THIRD SEMESTER "B"DIGITAL DICTIONARY
- 2Term: ONOMATOPOEIA Definition: The act of creating or using words that include sounds that are similar to the noises the words refer to. Source:https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/onomatopoeia?q=+onomatopoeicPicture Source:https://www.translatemedia.com/us/blog-usa/onomatopoeia-in-different-languages/
Example: 'Hiss' 'buzz' 'rat-a-tat-tat'
Source: https://www.collinsdictionary.com/es/diccionario/ingles/onomatopoeic - 3Term: Quadraphonic Definition: (of an electronic system of recording, playing, or receiving sound) having sound coming from four different directions. Source: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/quadraphonicPicture Source: http://www.wendycarlos.com/surround/surround2.html
Example: quadraphonic speakers.
Source: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/quadraphonic
- 4Term: ALLOMORPHY Definition: Any of the phonological representations of a single morpheme. Source:https://www.thefreedictionary.com/AllomorphyExample:the phonetic (s) of cats (kăts), (z) of pigs (pĭgz)
Source:https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Allomorphy - 5Term: PERIPHRASTIC Definition: Constructed by using an auxiliary word rather than an inflected form Source:https://www.thefreedictionary.com/periphrasticPicture Source:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P59Z-OkUTLA
Example: of father is the periphrastic possessive case, father's is the inflected possessive case
Source:https://www.thefreedictionary.com/periphrastic
- 6Term: LEXICAL CATEGORY Definition:A lexical category is a syntactic category for elements that are part of the lexicon of a language. These elements are at the word level. Source:https://glossary.sil.org/term/lexical-categoryPicture Source:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJTqfoiSRzc
Example:Major and minor lexical categories.
Source:https://glossary.sil.org/term/lexical-category
- 7Term: LEXEME Definition: A word or stem that is a meaningful unit in a language and coincides with the abstract unit underlying a given set of inflected forms Source:https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/lexemePicture Source:https://www.123rf.com/photo_17141922_abstract-
Example: work, works, working
Source:https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-term-lexeme-mean-what-examples-331884
- 8Term: SUFFIX Definition: An affix that follows the element to which it is added, as -ly in kindly. Source:http://www.dictionary.com/browse/suffixPicture Source:
http://artresumeexamples.com/prefix-and-suffix-examples/
Example:-eer , -er, -ion
Source: http://examples.yourdictionary.com/list-of-suffixes-and-suffix-examples.html
- 9Term: AFFIX Definition:An affix is a bound morpheme that is joined before, after, or within a root or stem. Source:https://glossary.sil.org/term/affix-linguisticsPicture Source:https://affixme.com/
Example:pre pretend
pro provide
Source:https://www.education.com/reference/article/list-affixes/
- 10Term: DERIVATIONAL MORPHOLOGY Definition:is a type of word formation that creates new lexemes, either by changing syntactic category Source:http://linguistics.oxfordre.com/view/10.1093/ac9384655-e-248Example: -er ... baker
Source:https://www.thoughtco.com/derivational-morpheme-words-1690381 - 11Term: COGNATE Definition:Of a word or morpheme : related by derivation, borrowing, or descent Source:https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cognatePicture Source:https://www.pinterest.com/pin/492510909218966621/
Example: English "eat" and German "essen"
Source:https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cognate
- 12Term: SUBJECT Definition: The person or thing that performs the action of a verb, or is joined to a description by a verb Source: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/subjectExample: "Bob" is the subject of the sentence "Bob threw the ball."
Source: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/subject - 13Term: ARTICLE Definition: Is a word that is used with a noun (as a standalone word or a prefix or suffix) to specify grammatical definiteness of the noun Source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Article_(grammar)Picture Source:http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/rahulsindhi-1516663-grammar-articles/
Example: The daughter is a doctor
Source: http://www.really-learn-english.com/english-grammar-articles.html
- 14Term: NOUN Definition: A word that refers to a person, place, thing, event, substance, or quality Source:https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/nounPicture Source: http://careeradvice4u.com/noun-types-noun-example-sentences/
Example:'Doctor', 'coal', and 'beauty'
Source: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/noun
- 15Term: QUALIFIER Definition: A qualifier is a word that limits or enhances another word’s meaning Source:https://www.grammarly.com/blog/qualifiers/Example: He is a somewhat intelligent student.
Source:https://www.grammarly.com/blog/qualifiers/ - 16Term: BINARY Definition: Relating to, using, or denoting a system of numerical notation that has 2 rather than 10 as a base. Source:https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/binaryPicture Source:http://slideplayer.com/slide/4559350/
Example: The markets face a simple binary decision
Source:https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/binary
- 17Term: ARGUMENT Definition: The subject matter of a written work and the development of the ideas in it Source: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/argument?q=argumentsExample:
I had an argument with my boss.
Source: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es/diccionario/ingles/argument?q=arguments - 18Term: PHRASAL VERBS Definition: An idiomatic phrase consisting of a verb and another element, typically either an adverb, as in break down, or a preposition Source:https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/phrasal_verbPicture Source:
http://www.englishonline.tv/los-20-phrasal-verbs-que-deben-faltar-al-hablar-ingles/
Example: see to, or a combination of both, such as look down on.
Source: https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/phrasal_verb
- 19Term: PERSON Definition: Shows the relationship between the speaker and other participants in an event. Source:http://englishforeveryone.org/PDFs/Grammatical%20Person.pdfPicture Source: http://displays.tpet.co.uk/?resource=674#/ViewResource/id674
Example: I want to go shopping.
2) They were very tired
Source: http://englishforeveryone.org/PDFs/Grammatical%20Person.pdf
- 20Term: WORD CLASS Definition: Is a set of words that display the same formal properties, especially their inflections and distribution. Source: https://www.thoughtco.com/word-class-grammar-1692608Example: Noun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb
Source: https://www.thoughtco.com/word-class-grammar-1692608 - 21Term: ACRONYM Definition: Acronyms are simply abbreviations created from the first letter of each word in a phrase or series of words. Source: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-are-acronyms-definition-common-examples-quiz.htmlPicture Source: http://www.nhsemployers.org/your-workforc
Example: UNICEF - The United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund.
Source: http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-acronyms.html
- 22Term: INFLECTON MORPHOLOGY Definition: Inflection is the systematic relation between words’ morphosyntactic content and their morphological form Source:http://linguistics.oxfordre.com/view/10.1093/Picture Source:
Example: inflectional categories include number, tense, person, case, gender,
Source: https://www.thoughtco.com/inflectional-morphology-words-1691065 - 23Term: TENSE Definition: Is a method that we use to refer to time - past, present and future. Source: https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/tense-what.htmPicture Source:https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/grammar-express-
Example: He plays football
Source:https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/tenses-examples
- 24Term: GENDER Definition: Gender is a category of noun. A noun's gender determines how it behaves with other words Source:http://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/gender.htmExample: Cup-Neuter-Where's my cup? I have lost it.
Source: http://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/gender.htm - 25Term: SYNCRETISM Definition: the merging of different inflectional varieties of a word during the development of a language Source: https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/syncretismExample: a. *Either they or I are/am/is going to have to go.
b. Either they or you are going to have to go.
Source:http://web.mit.edu/alya/www/syncretism-experiment-generals-handout.pdf - 26Term: HAPAX LEGOMENON Definition: A word or phrase occurring only once in a text or other written record Source: https://www.collinsdictionary.com/es/diccionario/ingles/hapax-legomenonPicture Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapax_legomenon
Example: Hebenon, a poison referred to in Shakespeare's 'Hamlet' only once.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapax_legomenon#English_examples
- 27Term: COMPLEX WORD Definition: a complex word is a word made up of two or more morphemes. Contrast with monomorphemic word. Source:https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-complex-word-1689889Example: unhappiness--- 'un,' 'happy,' and 'ness.'
Source: https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-complex-word-1689889 - 28Term: BRACKETING PARADOX Definition: the bracketing paradox concerns morphologically complex words which have more than one analysis, or bracketing, e.g., one for phonology and one for semantics, Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bracketing_paradoxExample: [[un happy] er] --[prefix [root+suffix]]
Source: http://www2.let.uu.nl/uil-ots/lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=bracketing+paradox - 29Term: TRANSITIVE VERBS Definition: a verb accompanied by a direct object and from which a passive can be formed, as deny, rectify, elect. Source: http://www.dictionary.com/browse/transitive-verbPicture Source: https://www.quickanddirtytips.com/education/grammar/transitive-and-intransitive-verbs
Example: I admire your courage.
She loves animals.
Source: https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/grammar/transitive-and-intransitive-verbs
- 30Term: PHRASE Definition: A word or group of words forming a syntactic constituent with a single grammatical function Source: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/phrasePicture Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ro_GEJUoS4Q
Example: She used the phrase “I strongly believe” too many times in her speech.
Source: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/phrase
- 31Term: INTRANSITIVE VERBS Definition: a verb that indicates a complete action without being accompanied by a direct object, as sit or lie, and, in English, that does not form a passive. Source:http://www.dictionary.com/browse/intransitive-verbExample: “I am gone,” or “it is gone by me.”
Source: http://www.dictionary.com/browse/intransitive-verb - 32Term: Syntactic Definition: Consisting of or noting morphemes that are combined in the same order as they would be if they were separate words in a corresponding construction: Source: http://www.dictionary.com/browse/syntacticExample: The wordblackberry, which consists of an adjective followed by a noun, is a syntactic compound.
Source: http://www.dictionary.com/browse/syntactic - 33Term: SUPPLETION Definition: The use in inflection or derivation of an allomorph that is not related in form to the primary allomorph of a morpheme. Source: http://www.dictionary.com/browse/suppletion?s=tExample: The use of better as the comparative of good.
Source: http://www.dictionary.com/browse/suppletion?s=t - 34Term: STEM Definition: The part of a word that stays the same when different endings are added to it Source: https://www.ldoceonline.com/Grammar-topic/stemPicture Source:https://www.tgs.kent.sch.uk/stem/
Example: ‘driv-’ in ‘driving’
Source: https://www.ldoceonline.com/Grammar-topic/stem
- 35Term: PREPOSITIONS Definition:Are short words (on, in, to) that usually stand in front of nouns (sometimes also in front of gerund verbs). Source: https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepositionsPicture Source:http://babelis.es/learning-about-place-prepositions/
Example: -on Monday - in the morning
-at the weekend
Source:https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/prepositions
- 36Term: CIRCUMFIX Definition: A circumfix is an affix made up of two separate parts which surround and attach to a root or stem. Source:https://glossary.sil.org/term/circumfixExample: The circumfix ka--an is a nominalizer and surrounds a root.
-baddang: root ‘help’ v.
-ka--an: circumfix ‘NOMR’
-kabaddangan: word ‘helpfulness’
Source:https://glossary.sil.org/term/circumfix - 37Term: ADJECTIVE Definition: Is a word that modifies a noun (or pronoun) to make it more specific Source:https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/adjectivePicture Source:https://passnownow.com/jss1-english-language-third-term-sounds-adjectives/
Example:The scariest villain of all time is Darth Vader.
Source:https://www.grammarly.com/blog/adjective/
- 38Term: NEOLOGISM Definition: A neologism is a newly coined word or term which has emerged into everyday usage. Source:http://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/neologism.htmPicture Source: https://www.juliatomiak.com/2016/02/what-is-a-neologism/
Example: Wicked: Good or cool.
Source:http://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/neologism.htm
- 39Term: ROOT Definition: Is a word or word element from which other words grow, usually through the addition of prefixes and suffixes Source:https://www.thoughtco.com/root-words-definition-1692068Picture Source:https://www.grammarly.com/blog/why-you-should-learn-roots/
Example: -Gen - means birth. Genesis
-Deca - means ten. Decade
Source:http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-root-words.html
- 40Term: EXOCENTRIC Definition:The definition of exocentric is two or more parts of a phrase that are different parts of speech and, when combined, form another part of speech which is different from all of the parts. Source:http://www.yourdictionary.com/exocentricExample: -Mr. Lincoln (a noun) came to Washington (a verb phrase).
Source:http://www.yourdictionary.com/exocentric - 41Term: CONJUNCTION Definition: a word such as 'and', 'but', 'while', or 'although' that connects words, phrases, and clauses in a sentence Source:https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/conjunctionPicture Source:
Example: I would like to go but I dont have money.
Source:http://partofspeech.org/conjunction/
- 42Term: CONVERSION Definition: Is a kind of word formation involving the creation of a word from an existing word without any change in form. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversion_(word_formation)Example: access – to access
bottle – to bottle
can – to can
Source:https://www.brighthubeducation.com/esl-lesson-plans/59339-teaching-word-formation-conversion/ - 43Term: CLICHÈ Definition: ‘Clichés’ are commonly used or overused expressions in the English language. Source: https://englishlive.ef.com/blog/language-lab/english-grammar-cliche/Picture Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JJhTam0JuUc
Example: ‘it gives me a great deal of pleasure.’
Source: https://englishlive.ef.com/blog/language-lab/english-grammar-cliche/
- 44Term: NUMBER Definition: The form of a word, depending on whether one thing or more than one thing is being talked about Source:https://www.ldoceonline.com/Grammar-topic/numberExample: ‘Horses’ is plural in number, while ‘horse’ is singular.
Source:https://www.ldoceonline.com/Grammar-topic/number - 45Term: OBJECT Definition:An object is one of the five major elements of clause structure. The other four are subject, verb, adjunct and complement. Source:https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/about-words-clauses-and-sentences/objectsPicture Source:http://imp.lss.wisc.edu/jrvalent/AIS/Grammar/
Example:
They didn’t take their mountain bikes with the
Source:https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/ts
- 46Term: COMPARISON Definition: Adjectives and adverbs are inflected or modified to indicate the relative degree of the property defined by the adjective or adverb. Source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_(grammar)Example: -Find the restaurant nearest your house
Source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_(grammar) - 47Term: BASE Definition:A base is a bigger unit to which an affix attaches or to which a morphological process applies. Source:http://www.glottopedia.org/index.php/Base_(in_morphology)Example:"to act" is the infinitive of "act"
Source:https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-bases-roots-stems-english-language-379959 - 48Term: TREE DIAGRAM Definition: A representation of the syntactic structure of a string according to some formal grammar in linguistics Source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_diagramPicture Source:https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/
Example: Representation of a group of languages related through descent from a common ancestor
Source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_diagram
- 49Term: MONOMORPHEMIC Definition: Consisting of only one morpheme Source:https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/monomorphemicPicture Source:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EJGN4BByi7g&vl=es
Example: the word talk is monomorphemic but talked is not
Source: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/monomorphemic
- 50Term: ZERO DERIVATIONS Definition: Is a linguistic process that assigns an already existing word to a new syntactic (grammatical) category (part of speech) without any concomitant change in form Source:https://lsg3.nlm.nih.gov/LexSysGroup/Projects/lvg/2017/docs/designDoc/UDF/derivations/zeroD.htmlExample: -cesarian|adj|cesarean|noun
-partisan|adj|partizan|noun
Source:https://lsg3.nlm.nih.gov/LexSysGroup/Projects/lvg/2017/docs/designDoc/UDF/derivations/zeroD.html - 51Term: SOUND SYMBOLISM Definition: Sound symbolism refers to the apparent association between particular sound sequences and particular meanings in speech. Source:https://www.thoughtco.com/sound-symbolism-words-1692114Picture Source:https://es.slideshare.net/stephanerangaya/sound-symbolism
Example: Kiki and Bouba
Source: https://es.slideshare.net/stephanerangaya/sound-symbolism