Flashcards
Hormones I
Cards in this deck (26)
- 1Darwin's experimentCap on tip - no bending
Conclusion - tip sense light, response elsewhere
New Hypothesis: Chem. substance transported - 2SteroidsCholesterol
Test/Oest/Cortisol - 3PeptidesGH, PTH, Oxytocin
- 4Amino AcidsTH, catecholeamines
- 5Endocrine -FDBCKExternal stimulus
Hypothalamus
Releasing hormone
AP
Tropic hormone
Hormone - 6Pituitary gland functionReleases hormones that regulate other hormone glands
- 7TumourOnly grow upward, sits in skeletal fossa, compresses optic nerve
- 8Where is A.P?Always same size as optic chiasma
- 9P.P. hormonesOxytocin/ADH
- 10P hormone releaseProduced in paraventricular + supraoptic nucleus
Travel intraxonally
Stored in axon terminals
Released into CB when + by action potential from pituitary - 11Oxytocin MOABinds to R
Raises IC [Ca2+]
Acts as 2' mess.
Triggers myoepithelial cells of mammary glands to contract - 12Neuroendocrine reflex of milk secretionSuckling-> Hypo -> p.p. -> oxytocin -> milk ejection
- 13A.P. hormones FLAT PGFSH gonads gonadotrophs
LH gonads gonadotrophs
ATCH adrenal glands corticotrophs
TSH Thyroid gland Thyrotrophs
Prolactin Mammary glands Lactotrophs
GH Bone/skel. muscle somatotrophs - 14Hypothalamus control of A.P. GCTG SDGnRH -> FSH/LH
Corticotropin RH -> ACTH
TRH -> TSH
GHRH -> GH
SS -| Prolactin
DA -| Anterior pituitary - 15Posterior lobe circulationNeurohypophysis
Neurosecretory cell transport hormone to P.P. - 16Anterior lobe circulationPortal vein connects pituitary + hypothalamic CB
- 17Direct met. effects of GHAnabolic
Opposes insulin, stims cells to converse glucose for CNS. - 18Effects on muscleDecreased glucose uptake
Increase aa uptake/pro synth.
Increased muscle mass - 19Effects on adipose tissueDecreased glucose uptake
increased lipolysis
Decrease in fat deposits - 20Effects on liverIncreased gluconeogenesis
Increased protein synthesis
Stimulates IGF production - 21Indirect growth promoting effect of GHGH-> Liver -> IGF -> skeletal growth/bone deposition/cartilage formation
-> Soft tissue growth / protein synthesis/ cell proliferation - 22When does bone response cease?When growth plates fuse
- 23SomatopauseDecrease in LBM
Decrease in bone mineral density
Increase in body fat - 24- FDBCK of thisExternal conditions
Hypothalamus
Releasing Hormone
AP
GH
Liver
IGF-1,2 - 25GigantismExcessive IGF while epiphyseal growth plates are open
- 26AcromegalyExcessive GH after fusion of epiphysis
Cardiomegaly
Diabetes due to anti-insulin action