13496572
Description
Flashcards by I Shouldn't be awake, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by I Shouldn't be awake
about 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| quick fit apparatus | |
| Name it | 1. Pear-shaped flask 2. Receiver 3. Screw-tap adaptor 4. Condensor 5. Still head |
| Heating under reflux | Add anti-bumping granules to ensure smooth boiling. Enables a liquid to be continually boiled whilst a reaction takes place Prevents volatile components from escaping and flask from boiling dry as vapour condenses and drips back down into flask NEVER SEAL CONDENSER |
| Distillation | Used to separate pure liquid from impurities |
| Apparatus set-up for reflux | Pear flask condensor rubber tubing stand and clamp heat source (diagram) |
| Apparatus set-up for distillation (9) | Pear-shaped flask condensor rubber tubing stand and clamp screw-cap adaptor receiver adaptor still head thermometer heat source |
| Diagram for distillation | water in at lower end of receiver |
| Purifying organic products | 1. Separate with a separating funnel 2. Ensure tap of separating funnel is closed 3. Pour mix of liquids into sf, place a stopper in the top of the funnel, invert to mix the contents. 4. Allow the layers to settle. 5. add water to see which layer increases in volume - this is the aq layer. 6. Place a conical flask under the sf, remove stopper and open tap until the whole of the lower layer has left the funnel. 7. Place a second conical flask under the separating funnel to collect the other layer |
| Drying the organic product | Use anhydrous inorganic salt like CaCl2/MgSO4 |
| Redistillation | wash product by adding either • NaHCO3, shaking and releasing the pressure from CO2 produced. Saturated NaCl solution If organic liquids have similar bpt clean out and redistill at a bpt within the range of the desired product. |
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