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Flashcards

6.1 science proper copy complete

Hibah Albadri English 64 cards

Cards in this deck (64)

  1. 1What are atoms?The building blocks that make up all substances in this universe.
  2. 2How many different types of atoms are there?100 different types.
  3. 3If there are only 100 different types of atoms how is it there is much much more substances in the universe?There are many different combinations possible that make up other substances.
  4. 4How can atoms be seen?Atoms are so small that they have to be seen through a STM (Scanning Tunneling Microscope).
  5. 5What is an element?A substance made of only one type of atom.
  6. 6What are some examples?Iron, gold, copper, hydrogen and oxygen.
  7. 7What are properties?Characteristics by which elements are classified.
  8. 8What are the two main types of elements?Metallic and non-metallic elements.
  9. 9What are some uses of metallic elements?Construction, in electronics, in jewelry and even in your body.
  10. 10What are some examples of metallic elements?Aluminium, iron, gold, silver, mercury, sodium, potassium and calcium.
  11. 11What are some properties of metallic elements.Lustrous, solid at room temperature, good conductors of heat and electricity, malleable and ductile.
  12. 12Define lustrous.Shiny or can be polished.
  13. 13Define malleable.Ability to be hammered into other shapes.
  14. 14Define ductile.The ability to be stretched into wires.
  15. 15Which metallic element is the only exception to being solid at room temperature?Mercury which is liquid at room temperature.
  16. 16Which metallic element is known to be both malleable and ductile?Iron.
  17. 17Which elements are known for their typical metallic shine?Copper and gold.
  18. 18What is generally known about non metals?They have lower boiling and melting points than metals and are either solids or gases at room temperature?
  19. 19Which non metallic element is the only exception to being solid or gas at room temperature?Bromine which is liquid at room temperature.
  20. 20What are some properties of non metals?Dull, insulators of heat and electricity and they tend to be brittle.
  21. 21Define brittle.To break or crumble when bent.
  22. 22What form does sulfur usually take?A yellow powder.
  23. 23What form does chlorine usually take?A yellow gas.
  24. 24Which non metal is an insulator, dull and is brittle when taking the form of charcoal?Carbon.
  25. 25What is special about the non metallic element iodine?Iodine unlike almost all substances never goes through the stage of liquid form, instead it forms solid crystals at room temperature and turns into a purple gas when heated.
  26. 26What form does the non metallic element hydrogen take and what are its properties?Hydrogen is a gas and it is lighter than air, colourless, odourless and flammable.
  27. 27What is a use for hydrogen and why?It is used as fuel for rocket engines as it reacts violently with oxygen.
  28. 28How many known elements are there?118 known elements.
  29. 29How many of them occur naturally?98 elements occur naturally while the rest (20) have to be made in the lab.
  30. 30What is the periodic table?A table made to organise all the known elements with their chemical symbols from lightest to heaviest.
  31. 31Where does the chemical symbol often come from?The name of the element itself.
  32. 32Why does the chemical symbol of an element sometimes appear not to relate to the name itself?Because the chemical symbol may relate to the word used for that symbol in another language for example Latin.
  33. 33How are chemical symbols always written?The first letter is always capital and if there are second and third letter they are always lowercase although it is rare for chemical symbols to have third letters.
  34. 34Name the different types of ways that atoms can be arranged.Single atoms, molecules and crystal lattices.
  35. 35Why is the arrangement of atoms in substances important?Because the arrangement determines the substance's properties.
  36. 36What are monatomic elements?Elements made up of many individual atoms, all monatomic elements are no metallic gases.
  37. 37How many elements are monatomic?6 only, krypton (Kr), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), helium (He), xenon (Xe) and radon (Rn).
  38. 38What is helium used for and why?It is used in weather balloons and party balloons as it is non toxic and lighter than air.
  39. 39What is neon used for and why?It is used in neon lights for making signs.
  40. 40What is argon used for and why?it is used in old fashioned light globes to stop the filament burning.
  41. 41What are molecules?Clusters of two or more atoms bonded together.
  42. 42How is the number of atoms in molecules represented?Through the small numbers beside the chemical symbol of the element.
  43. 43What are some examples of molecular elements?P4, N2, O2, H2, Cl2 and S6.
  44. 44What is the buckyball and why is it called this?It is one of the largest molecules of carbon and was made up of 60 carbon atoms, it was called this because it was shaped like a soccer ball.
  45. 45What are crystal lattices?Grid like structures that repeat the same arrangement of atoms over and over again.
  46. 46What elements form crystal lattices?All metallic elements and a few non metallic elements.
  47. 47How does the lattice structure affect metallic elements?It makes them dense, strong and solid except mercury.
  48. 48As a result what are metals used in?Construction and manufacturing.
  49. 49What makes metals ductile and malleable?The atoms in metallic lattices can slide and move over each other without breaking the lattice.
  50. 50What are two examples of the very few non metallic elements that form lattices?Silicon and carbon.
  51. 51What is another form ofGraphite.
  52. 52How is the graphite lattice arranged?The atoms are stacked in sheets on top of each other allowing them to slide easily.
  53. 53What are some uses of graphite and why?In lead pencils where the atom sheets of graphite rub on to the paper when you are writing. Also graphite can handle very high temperatures so it is used in industrial kilns and firing clay tiles.
  54. 54What are allotropes?Elements that can take many different forms such as carbon.
  55. 55What are some forms of carbon?Charcoal, graphite, nanotubes and diamond.
  56. 56What is charcoal?The black powdery ash that is found after something such as paper, wood or toast is burnt.
  57. 57What are some uses of charcoal and why?Sketching, smelting iron and in things such as gas masks as charcoal can absorb certain gases.
  58. 58What are diamonds' structures like?The lattice in a diamond is extremely strong and rigid, this means that diamonds are not only hard but also cannot conduct electricity.
  59. 59How much percentage of diamonds is used in jewellery and where are the rest used?20% are used in jewellery and the rest are used to make long lasting tools for cutting and drilling.
  60. 60What are carbon fibres?Very thin strands of compressed carbon crystals.
  61. 61What is special about carbon fibres?They can be woven to make strong yet lightweight materials.
  62. 62What are nanotubes?Another allotrope of carbon that can conduct electricity.
  63. 63What led to the discovery of nanotubes?The discovery of the buckyballs.
  64. 64What is the intended use for nanotubes?To make miniature electrical wiring.

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Flashcards on 6.1 science proper copy complete, created by Hibah Albadri on 08/05/2018.
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