Clinical reasoning errors

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from Clinical Reasoning: Learning to think like a nurse
Em J
Flashcards by Em J, updated more than 1 year ago
Em J
Created by Em J over 6 years ago
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Question Answer
Anchoring Tendency to lock onto salient features in the patient's presentation too early in the clinical reasoning process - failing to adjust this initial impression in the light of new information.
Ascertainment bias When a nurses thinking is shaped by prior assumptions and preconceptions. E.g. ageism, stereotyping
Confirmation bias Tendency to look for confirming evidence to support a nursing diagnosis rather than look for disconfirming evidence to refute it
Diagnostic momentum Once a patient has a label - the tendency for the label to remain and other possibilities to be excluded
Fundamental attribution error The tendency to be judgemental and to blame patients for their illnesses rather than examine the circumstances responsible
Overconfidence bias The tendency to believe we know more than we know - tendency to act on incomplete information
Premature closure Tendency to accept a nursing diagnosis without sufficient evidence and before it has been fully verified
Psych-out error People with mental illness may fail to have comorbidities identified - or - medical issues are misdiagnosed as psychiatric conditions
Unpacking principle Failure to collect and unpack all of the relevant cues and consider differential diagnoses
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