Flashcards
HPA - varicella-zoster virus COI
Cards in this deck (11)
- 1What is VZV?The DSvirus that causes the infections of chicken pox. A virus that has a nucleocapsid contained within a capsid.
- 2EpidemiologyCommon world-wide.
80%–90% of the population in temperate countries developing clinical or serological infection by adolescence - 3ReservoirInfectious people or the things they have touched/sneezed/secreted on
- 4Portal of exit- Chickenpox/ shingle blisters (secretions)
- Coughing/sneezing - 5Mode of transmissionContact with infectious people
Inhaling tiny droplets coughed sneezed or during conversation with infected person
Touching contaminated surfaces - 6Portal of entryNasopharyngeal mucosa
Respiratory tract
Conjunctiva
All in all: mucosal membranes - 7Susceptible hostAnyone with no history of infection or immunity (due to vaccination e.g)
- 8Pathogenesis- After entering the host it has an incubation period of around 10 - 21 days
- Slow incubation due to the way it transmits slowly from cell to cell
Virus enters cell via receptor mediated endocytosis
DNA replicates inside cell nucleus - where nucleocapsids are created
The full virion is formed in the trans-golgi network of the cell (golgi apparatus) - capsid (outer protein shell) is added
The virus then heads to the surface of the cell where it travels to infect the next cell.
During primary viraemia the virus spreads to lymph nodes, liver and lungs.
Secondary viraemia - As the incubation period progresses, the virus makes its way to the skin via T cells
As the infection progresses, small skin vesicles filled with pus and infected cell particles form on the skin surface. These lesions are the 'pox' of chickenpox.
Once the virus reaches the superficial epidermis (the outermost layer of the skin) it can float freely outside of the cell and become airborne - 9How might the cycle be broken in generalIdentifying the infectious agent ASAP
Infection control
Airflow restrictions
Waste disposal
Isolation of infected persons
Vaccinating those susceptible and at highest risk of most damage from the disease
Sterilising/disenfecting surfaces/objects that have come into contact with infected person
Hand hygiene and use of PPE - 10Prevention - vaccinationVZV vaccination - Varilrix®, Varivax - contain weakened versions of the varicella virus.
National Immunisation Program (funded from 2005):
single dose schedule at 18 months of age
school-based catch-up program at 10–13 years of age for those with no history of disease or previous vaccination. - 11Other medication treatmentsAntiviral medication
Acyclovir for chickenpox.
Famciclovir and Valacyclovir for the shingles.
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- User has deleted their subject information Flashcards on HPA - varicella-zoster virus COI, created by Deleted user on 09/06/2018.
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- Created by Em J · Jun 9, 2018
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