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Description
Flashcards by Bahaar Mahal, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Bahaar Mahal
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Ecology | The study of earth and the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical environment. |
| Ecosystem | All of the living organisms and non-living environment in a particular place. |
| Community | All of the interacting organisms in an area. It does not include non-living factors. |
| Population | All of the organisms of one type species in an area. |
| Organism | A living thing. e.g weta |
| Species | a group of organisms that share similar features, processes and behaviours. They can interbreed with each other |
| Habitat with e.g | A place where an organism lives. e.g swamp |
| Adaptation with e.g | A feature or characteristic which helps something survive in its environment. e.g wings |
| What are the 3 types of adaptations? | Structural Behavioural Physiological |
| What is a structural adaptation? | A body part which helps an organism survive. e.g whiskers, spikes |
| What is a behavioural adaptation? | Things that an organism does to survive. e.g living in a flock hunting at night |
| What is a physiological adaptation? | A way in which an organism's body works to help it survive. e.g dogs pant to keep cool Aloe Vera stores water in its leaves |
| Food chain | A diagram that shows the energy flow between living things. e.g producer (plant) - primary consumer (herbivore) - secondary consumer (carnivore) - apex predator - decomposers (bacteria, fungi, insects) |
| Food web | Interlinked food chains. It represents what eats what in an ecological community. |
| Classification key | An identification system which consists of a series of questions used to classify an organism. |
| Herbivore with e.g | A consumer that eats only plants. It is a primary consumer. e.g sheep |
| Carnivore with e.g | A consumer that feeds on only animals. It is a secondary consumer. e.g wolf |
| Producer | an organism that makes its own food using photosynthesis. It provides energy for the rest of food chain. e.g. kowhai tree |
| Consumer with e.g | An organism which gets its energy and nutrients by consuming another living organism e.g wolf |
| Trophic level | The position that an organism occupies in a food chain. |
| Vertebrate with e.g | An animal that has a backbone and a skeleton. e.g human |
| Invertebrate with e.g | An animal that does not have a backbone or a skeleton. e.g snail, ant |
| Animal with e.g | Multicellular eukaryotic organisms with no cell walls. e.g tiger |
| Plant | Multicellular eukaryotic organisms with cell walls that can carry out photosynthesis. |
| Predator with e.g | An animal that hunts and kills another animal, primarily for food. e.g lion |
| Prey with e.g | An animal that is hunted and killed by another animal. e.g elephant |
| Abiotic factors with e.g | Non-living parts of an environment. e.g temperature |
| Biotic factors with e.g | Living parts of an environment. e.g Kereru |
| Decomposer with e.g | An organism that breaks down dead or decaying material and turns it into nutrients in the soil. e.gbacteria,fungi,insects. |
| Omnivore with e.g | a consumer that eats both plants and animals e.g. rat |
| Organelle | A small organ contained inside a cell |
| Chloroplast | an organelle inside plant cells which is where photosynthesis occurs. |
| Chlorophyll | A green pigment that is found inside chloroplasts. It makes plants green. It also allows plants to absorb energy from light. |
| Vacuole | A compartment inside a plant cell which is used to store water and nutrients. |
| Photosynthesis | The process of using the energy from sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. This occurs in the chloroplasts. |
| Cell wall | A layer around the outside of the cell membrane in plants cells, that is made of a tough substance called cellulose. The cell wall gives the cell protection and structural support. |
| Cell membrane | It separates the cell from the outside environment and controls what enters and exits the cell. |
| Nucleus | Controls and regulates the cell: where DNA is found. |
| Cytoplasm | A jelly-like fluid which allows a cell to hold its shape. |
| Mitochondria | Produce energy for the cell through a process called cellular respiration. In this process glucose reacts with oxygen, releasing energy. |
| Ribosomes | Make proteins the cell can use |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | Transports proteins around the cell. |
| Golgi apparatus | Folds proteins into their correct shape, packages them and sends them on to where they are needed in the cell. |
| Respiration | a chemical process in which energy is released from food substances glucose+oxygen = Carbon dioxide+Water+energy. |
| What classifies something as living? MRS C GREN | Movement - getting around Reproduction - making new organisms Sensing - responding to stimuli e.g light, gravity. Cells - every living thing has these Growth - growing Respiration - Food + O2 = energy Excretion - getting rid of waste Nutrition - eating and drinking. |
| Plant cell diagram | |
| Animal cell diagram |
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