1527166
| Question | Answer |
| phenols | phenols are organic aromatic hydroxy compounds in which one or more hydroxyl group is directly attachec to the carbon of the aromatic sysTEm. |
| due to ability to neutralize common bases also known as | CARBOLIC ACID |
| NAPTHANOL |
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| cresol |
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Cresol (image/png)
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| catechol |
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Catechol (image/png)
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| resorcinol |
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| quinol or hydroquinone |
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hydroquinone (image/png)
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| phloroglucinol |
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| pyrogallol |
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| structure of phenol | in phenol group the oh is attached to sp2 hybridised CARBON .....the bond lenth bw c-o is small than methanol due to 1) partial double bond charac 2) sp2 carbon attached to O |
| physcial properties | - colorless -crysalline solid -charac smell = phenolic / carbolic odour -mp=315k -bp=455k -sparingly soluble in h2o -weak acid ,weaker than carbonic acid -turns pink in air light due to formation of quinones |
| resonating structure of phenol |
in alcohols -oh attached to sp3 C
in phenols - oh attached to sp2 C
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| resonating structure of phenoxide ion | |
| phenol or phenoxide which is more stable | phenoxide . AS in phenol oxygen has a + charge being electronegative. in phenoxide oxygen has a positive charge |
| in alcohol and alcohol oxide which is stable | alcohol. as nuetral species are more stable than charged |
| salicylic acid |
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Salicylic_Acid (image/jpg)
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| phenol is found in | middle oil, acidic fraction of coal tar distillate |
| phenols imp points | * -oh group is called phenolic group * -the group activates ortho and para positions of benzene ring as these positions become electron rich due to resonance effect * -mixture of ortho and para * -bifunction compound due to it undergoes reaction due to oh and electrophilic substituion . |
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