15850641
Description
Flashcards by Sebastian Goth, updated more than 1 year ago
|
Created by Sebastian Goth
over 5 years ago
|
|
| Question | Answer |
| TEST 3 culture list | Byzantine Early medieval Romanesque Gothic |
| what are pendentives? | rounded triangular piece that connects a dome to walls, replacing the drum. |
| define sanctuary | an altar |
| define the following apse buttress buttressing tesserae | Apse most important room of a church, usually the room in which the altar/ sanctuary is in. Buttress a projecting support of stone or brick built against a wall Buttressing provide (a building or structure) with projecting supports built against its walls Tesserae pieces of glass in a mosaic |
| what are manuscripts? define icon, iconoclasm, iconoclast | manuscript a book, document, or piece of music written by hand rather than typed or printed. icon sacred images representing the saints, Christ, and the Virgin, as well as narrative scenes such as Christ’s Baptism and Crucifixion. iconoclasm Iconoclasm literally means “image breaking” and refers to a recurring historical impulse to break or destroy images for religious or political reasons. iconoclast a person who attacks cherished beliefs and their images/icons. |
| Title- Church of Hagia Sophia culture- Byzantine location/artist- Constantinople date- 532-537 additional info- At the beginning of the byzantine era, roman emperor Constantine moved the capital from Rome to Constantinople, or modern day Istanbul. This church, Santa Hagia -meaning 'holy wisdom' built by emperor Justinian was a christian church built only for the emperor and his court, and only Justinian could enter the inner sanctuary. This structure survived the frequent earthquakes due to its smaller bricks, use of more mortar, and semidomes on the exterior. It reflects Justinian's new status as emperor because it outshines all buildings in the area. 2 scholars that built it were a geometry specialist and a physics specialist. The dome uses pendentives to look as though it were floating and a ring of windows at its base to give it a heavenly halo effect. It is a hybrid of longitudinal and central plans. | |
| Title- Church of San Vitale culture- Ravenna location/artist- Byzantine date- 547 additional info- In 526 the bishop Ecclesius commissioned this church to be built over the grave of and dedicated to San Vitale, a christian martyr persecuted and killed for his christian beliefs. It is a central plan church with buttresses on the exterior. It was finished by the next bishop after Ecclesius's death. | |
| Title- Christ enthroned from church of San Vitale culture- Byzantine location/artist- Ravenna date- 547 additional info- This mosaic (composed of tesserae) features christ in the center because of his importance, he is youthful and wearing a purple cloak to indicate royalty but is not depicted as a good shepherd anymore. He is on a blue spherical throne symbolizing heaven, and is giving the crown of martyrdom to san vitalis, to whom this church is dedicated to. To the left, is Ecclesias holding the church of san vitalis, also presenting this to him in his honor. | |
| Title- Emperor Justinian and his attendants from the church of San Vitale culture- Byzantine location/artist- Ravenna date- 547 additional info- The emperor justinian mirrors the composition of christ enthrones and is in the center to denote his importance, he also wears purple to show his imperial power and is accompanied by clergy and warriors to show he rules both church and state. Regardless of their frontal view, they are meant to be lined up in procession to the altar and christ above it. To the right of justinian is the bishop that completed the church and consecrated it, Maximianus. There is gold leaf on the tesserae. This shows stylistic shifts prominent is the byzantine era, including -feet look ungrounded -very stylized, no longer naturalistic -there is dark outlining -prominent patterning filling space -spacial ambiguity/flatness -no shadows -strong frontality & tall/elongated forms Justinian is holding a gold plate to offer to the church/christ to be used in communion for the bread. | |
| Title- Empress theodora and her attendants from the church of san vitale culture- Byzantine location/artist- Ravenna date- 547 additional info- Across from justinians mosaic, is his wife, theodora. This largely mirrors justinian's, though she is accompanied by priests and ladies in waiting. She has on a crown of pearls which were thought to protect people. At the bottom of her robe is embroidery of the 3 maji bringing gifts to baby jesus. She is also meant to be in procession and has the same stylistic choices, and has a gold chalice to offer to the church/jesus to be used in communion for the wine. | |
| Title- The transfiguration of christ from sant' apollinare in clase culture- Byzantine location/artist- Ravenna date- 549 additional info- The church of sant' apollinare was founded by bishop Ecclesius and dedicated to saint apollinaris, who was the first bishop of ravenna. It is of longitudinal plan with a plain exterior and the interior is decorated. This mosaic within the apse of the church pictures the transfiguration of christ wherin he becomes divine. The person at the bottom is saint apollinaris, he is in ourant pose to show his dedication and worship, and he is surrounded by 12 lambs that symbolize the 12 apostiles, or followers of christ. Above this are three separate lambs, who depict peter john and james, three followers who were at the transfiguration. Above this to the right is Elijah and to the left is moses. Above this is the hand of god reaching down. In the center is a cross depicting christ in the center becoming divine. It It shows the typical byzantine styles with the frontality, flat space, and stylized representations, as well as ambiguous space. It uses iconogr | |
| continued | aphy to symbolize complicated events, the symbolism is sophisticated but it was aimed at people who knew the stories of christ and therefore would have understood. |
| Title- Archangel michael culture- Byzantine location/artist- Constantinople date- 6th century additional info- This ivory carving was part of a diptych, the other half is lost but inside of the panels would have been a recessed area filled with wax in which people could write and these would be sent to friends and family by the wealthy as a status symbol when a family member died to remind people to keep them in their prayers. Archangel michael was a divine messenger and reflects the fact it was sent to others within the elite population. As such it served a commemorative religious function, above michael is written 'recieve these gifts in having learned the cause'. compared to the architecture, Michael is giant and it shows a strong spacial ambiguity. the feet show he is from the byzantine era. | |
| Title- Virgin child with saints and angels culture- Byzantine location/artist- Egypt date- 6th century additional info- around the 1st century scrolls lost popularity and codexes, or what we would see as a modern book, became popular. They all had to be hand written by scribes however. This icon peinting is of the virgin mary with baby jesus and saint george and saint theodore to her sides, two holy knights known for slaying dragons, symbolizing the christians 'slaying' paganism (rude) It was supposed to be used as an aid in prayer to these figures, but the Christians were very against idolatry, or worshiping idols/the image of a person versus the actual person, because of fights over whether these idols used as aids should be allowed in the 8th century, they eventually banned all idols to prevent idolatry and destroyed all idols. This iconoclasm lasted 100 years and This wax on wood survived because of its geographical location. The angels above are looking up at the hand of god and the frontality of the figures engages the viewer, making the viewer the subject | |
| Title- Christ pantokrater from church of the dormition culture- Byzantine location/artist- Daphni date- 11th century additional info- pantokrater in greek means 'all rule' refering to jesus as the ruler of all things, It is a mosaic made with lots of gold with small windows around the base of the dome to create the holy circle of light. around the main mosaic are four other mosaics showing the life death and Resurrection of christ. The main image shows the growth of the depiction of christ from the good youthful shepherd, to the authoritative royal christ, and now the mature bearded stern christ. Christ's eyes are slightly averted to show his omnipotence and omniscience- hes always watching even without his eyes. Domes represent heaven, so as you look up to 'heaven' christ looks back. | |
| define the following: apotropaic interlace insular style illuminated manuscript | apotropaic- the ability to ward off evil spirits interlace- intertwining dense patterns thought to be apotropaic insular style- isolated interlace styles brought to west Europe by many peoples illuminated manuscript- hand written and illustrated books |
| who was Charlemagne? who were the four evangelists? | Charlemagne was the roman emperor after Constantine crowned as such by the pope, he revived the Greek /roman classical past in modern art. The four evangelists were four of christ's followers who wrote the four sections of the new testament detailing jesus's life. The four (and their symbols) were Matthew (angel), Mark (lion), Luke (ox), and John (eagle). |
| what was carolingian art and ottonian art? | Carolingian art was created at the rise of Charlemagne, and revives the classical past in modern stylized works. Ottonian art was art created from the ottoman empire after carolingian art, and has more large scale sculpture but similar stylization. |
| define the following: reliquary relic typology | reliquary- a container for holy relics relic- an object surviving from an earlier time typology- the study and interpretation of types and symbols, originally especially in the Bible |
| Title- Chi rho page culture- Early Medieval location/artist- book of kells date- late 8th- early 9th additional info- This was the introductory page to Matthew's account of the life of Christ in the new testament of the bible. It was an illuminated manuscript and very expensive and took very long to make, but for the scribes making it was a sign of devotion to create. The book is called the chi rho page because the symbols on the page are the greek letters, kai and rho, which translate to 'christe' or latin for christ. The full text on this page says 'this is how christ came to be born' within the dense interlace is many symbolic metaphors for christ as well as the head of St Matthew as a portrait. | |
| Title- St Matthew page from coronation gospels culture- Early Mideval location/artist- vienna date- 9th century additional info- The people of Vienna thought that incarnational views of saints and gods were ok, and that thinking of them as material as well as incorporeal was alright and wouldn't lead to idolatry, so their depictions of saints were more naturalistic and spacially real, reviving the classical past in its style. This is the author page for St matthews account of the life of christ, and it was in a book used for coronation ceremonies for emperors and this is shown in the purple backdrops for the pages. | |
| Title- St Matthew page from ebbo gospels culture- early mideval location/artist- france date- 9th century additional info- This is the author page of the st matthew chapter from the christian new testament, and this book was made for ebbo, the bishop of france. It is slightly smaller than the coronation bible, and less lavish, but the main differences are stylistically. Because in france rendering religious figures realistically was frowned upon as a means to idolatry, realism was avoided and spiritual connotation was more important. This is far more flat and stylized with much more energetic line work and intense emotion showing matthew very engaged in his writing. | |
| Title- Gero crucifix culture- early mideval location/artist- cologne date- 9th century additional info- Gero was the name of the bishop that commissioned this for his church, it was a life size wood carving hung above the church altar showing jesus as a tortured broken martyr. It was meant to inspire people to get through their trials and tribulations as well as to inspire fear to repent as people thought the world would end soon and they would all be judges in the afterlife. | |
| Title- Hildeshiem doors culture- early mideval location/artist- Church of st michael date- 1015 additional info- This is a set of doors within a church of longitudinal plan, they are not the doors for the main entrance, but the doors into the nave. They have 8 scenes from the old testament on the left door, and 8 scenes from the new testament on the right door, and it is meant to be read in a u shape from left to right. The door handles are lion heads, which were a symbol of protection and safety found within the church. | |
| Title- accusation and judgement of adam and eve from hildeshiem doors culture- early mideval location/artist- Church of st michael date- 1015 additional info- This is a detail from the hildeshiem doors, from the left door, that shows the story of the old testament. strong gestural lines drive the image based narrative and tell the story of adam and eve being judged for their sin of eating the forbidden apple. God to the left is pointing at adam, who is in turn pointing (and shifting blame) to eve, who is pointing at the snake. The expressive gesture tells the story. | |
| Enter text here... | Title- expulsion of adam and eve from paradise from hildeshiem doors culture- early mideval location/artist- Church of st michael date- 1015 additional info- This is a detail from the hildeshiem doors, from the left door, that shows the story of the old testament. This panel depicts and angel casting adam and eve from paradise for their sin, they are here shown to be nude in a display of punishment, showing their shame and embarrassment within their averted gazes and defensive postures. This scene in particular was a shame/fear tactic to get people to not sin. |
| define the following-- pilgrimage reliquary relic transverse arch compound pier barrel vault mandorla | pilgrimage- A pilgrimage was a journey a christian would take to travel from church to church on foot and see relics and go on a meditative journey. reliquary- a vessel lavishly decorated created to hold a relic relic- an item significant to christians, oftentimes the body or items of saints transverse arch- Supporting arch which runs across barrel vaults from side to side compound pier- a clustered column or pier barrel vault- A tunnel like extended archway mandorla- A body halo around Christ |
| define the following-- christ in majesty last judgement nave ambulatory transept radiating chapel | christ in majesty- the Christian image of Christ seated on a throne as ruler of the world, always seen frontally in the centre of the composition, and often flanked by other sacred figures last judgement- the Second Coming of Christ and the final and eternal judgment by God of all humanity. nave- The central walkway of a Christian Church ambulatory- The walkway around the edges of a church To allow pilgrims access to view the relics without disturbing mass transept- Area crosswise to the nave creating a cross shape to the building radiating chapel- A chapel with small half domes that project out of the building around it accessed by the ambulatory that provides room for relics |
| what are the parts of and function of a Romanesque portal? | A Romanesque portal is a entranceway to a pilgrim church that was barrel vaulted and lavishly decorated to give pilgrims a place to rest and take in the sights before entering. |
| Enter text here... | Title- Reliquary of saint faith culture- Romanesque location/artist- Conques date- 950 additional info- A reliquary is a container that holds a relic, relics were commonly bones or clothing of saints, and these relics were thought to have had a positive effect on your health and the ability to help miracles come to pass. The relic in this one is the skull of saint faith. Saint faith was a christian child martyr. It is very bejeweled because it is customary for pilgrims to leave a gem or other item as tribute to saint faith that the church would then put onto the reliquary as decoration. Monks from the church in conques actually have this because they stole it from a neighboring church under the excuse that they were told to by a divine messenger and that god wanted it in their church, but they took it to increase pilgrim traffic in their church. |
| Enter text here... | Title- St Sernin (exterior view) culture- Romanesque location/artist- Toulouse date- 1080-1120 additional info- St sernin is a pilgrim church made with a longitudinal plan. It hosts the bodies of two saints as well as various parts of other saints as a reaction to the influx of pilgrimages. Also in reaction to this it has an abmulatory and radiating chapels, a layout that encourages movement. In typical romanesque style, it features thick walls and piers, small windows, round arches, transverse arches, and it has a narrow heavy feel. The monumentality of the church is very stressed and the heaviness suggests the sturdiness and strength of the church. At the crossing of the transcept and main hall there is a octagonal tower which functioned as both a visual signal to pilgrims to help them find churches and as a exclamation of the power an closeness to god the church held. |
| Enter text here... | Title- St-Sernin (interior view) culture- Romanesque location/artist- Toulouse date- 1080-1120 additional info- The interior of this church has romanesque barrel vaulting through the nave. They can't have large windows or a wide nave yet due to architectural constraints. The transverse arches above connect to the cieling, wall, and pillar below and make a space that has fantastic acoustics. |
| Enter text here... | Title- Cathedral of saint james culture- Romanesque location/artist- Santiago de Compostela date- 1078-1122 additional info- The cathedral is a place wherin a bichop resides, so this place was more important than your average church.It was a pilgrim church that held the body of saint james. the radiating chapels and ambulatory are tied t the function of the church, allowing pilgrims to meander without disturbing mass. tall transverse arches, and typical Romanesque architecture. |
| Enter text here... | Title- Wiliegelmo culture- Romanesque location/artist- creation and fall of adam and eve date- 1100 additional info- Wiliegelmo was the sculptor of this particular carving and we know because he signed the bottom of it, however he was likely the head sculptor of a group and was thus credited. Here is depicted non naturalistic form with nonetheless sophisticated carving and technique, it is meant to tell a story and utilized gesture and bold expression to do so. there are four scenes in this that tell of adam and eve- on the far left is Christ in majesty, he is surrounded by his mandorla (almond shaped body halo) and supported by two angels. to the next right, is god creating adam, and in the next right panel he creates eve from a rib of adam. on the far right, we have adam and eve eating the apple of knowledge and sinning, and showing shame in their nakedness. |
| Enter text here... | Title- Christ and disciples on the road to Emmaus culture- Romanesque location/artist- Silos date- 1100 additional info- these larger than life scaled figures are on the support pier of a church, they are typically Romanesque in their large scale and awkward crossed legs, elongated figure and light delicate drapery. shown in this carving is Christ after the Resurrection (shown by the cross on his halo) with a satchel with a scallop shell on it showing him as a pilgrim who made it to saint James cathedral- pilgrims would wear these badges as proof of accomplishment and devotion. to his left, are two of his disciples. |
| Enter text here... | Title- portal showing christ in Majesty culture- Romanesque location/artist- church of saint pierre date- 1115 additional info- This portal contains many sculptures that are symbolic and didactic imagery for Christians, particularly pilgrims visiting the church of saint Pierre, which was a highly trafficked pilgrim church. It was a visual sermon that takes the message of the church to where all can see it. The barrel vault of the portal provided refuge for traveling pilgrims. To the left and right of the doors are carvings warning christians against greed and lust. The carving warning against lust shows a demon torturing a woman who is the personification of lust by having snakes bite her nipples and pubic area. The carving warning against greed shows a demon strangling a greedy man with his own money bag. The tympanum carving above is an important revival of monumental sculpture, and shows christ in Majesty surrounded by a mandorla in the middle, he has the symbols of the four evangelists at his sides and they are enclosed by angels. This shows the second coming of christ, |
| continued writing | which is the moment of anticipating christ's revival after his Crucifixion and before his rebirth. They await christ and judgement day. surrounding this scene are the 24 elders, elder kings who accompany christ and play music to him. Each king is made of his own block of stone. Below this is a flower decor on the lintel with snakes creating interlace throughout the rosettes. |
| Enter text here... | Title- trumeau jeremiah culture- Romanesque location/artist- church of saint pierre date- 1115 additional info- this carving on the central post in the doorway, or trumeau, shows Jeremiah the prophet awaiting the second coming. In Romanesque style, he has his legs crossed awkwardly, and is stylized, he is tall and elongated and is wearing delicate drapery. This move away from naturalism is to focus on conveying expressive figure and narrative. This is influenced by the caryatids of Greek times with the fusion of support and decor with regard to human form. |
| Enter text here... | Title- Last judgement tympanum culture- Romanesque location/artist- cathedral of saint lazare date- 1130 additional info- In the center of this tympanum is christ in magesty surrounded by his mandorla, and beside him are tall angels. this depicts the last judgement where christ saves or damns the souls of the dead. On the right side, represents hell and the damned and the left side represents heaven and those saved. Below christ is an angel pushing along people in a line to be judged, these people seem very anxious and scared for their fate. Two of them have scallop satchels and it is implied they will be saved for their piety. at the bottom is inscribed 'Gislebertus' who was the count who donated to the church for this sculpture to be put in. |
| what is a frontispiece? what is marginalia? | frontispiece= an author page in a book marginalia= margin decor that relates to the piece as a whole |
|
Image:
Allo4 (binary/octet-stream)
|
Title- Hildegard and Volmar from scivias culture- Romanesque location/artist- Hildegard of Bingen date- 1150-1175 additional info-Hildegard of bingen was a noble aristocratic German woman who was educated, respected, smart and influential for her time. she lead a convent near bingen and was let to lead sermons despite her gender. She was a visionary who realistically had severe migraines and was hallucinating but she believed that they were visions sent from god, and she was told by god to record these visions. So, she recorded these visions in her book, scivias (meaning 'know the way of the light), which she authored and illustrated as shown in this drawing- her receiving visions and drawing them out while dictating them to volmar, her scribe. This drawing was on the frontispiece (author page) of the book, and within was written many of her visions as well as her take on some biblical stories within, providing a much less misogynistic take on the bibles stories as it was written by a woman. She eventually (after her death) was sainted. |
|
Image:
Allo1 (binary/octet-stream)
|
Title- mother church from scivias culture- Romanesque location/artist- Hildegard of Bingen date- 1150-1175 additional info- This page shows the personification of the universe as mother church, a female figure representing the care giving protective nature inherent in both women and the church. She is in ourant pose, and cradling the bingen convent and the nuns. This adaptation of christian iconography with its gender corrective aspect is a stark contrast to the previous stern judging figures of christian worship. |
|
Image:
Allo5 (binary/octet-stream)
|
Title- messengers signal the appearance of a comet culture- Romanesque location/artist- the bayeux embroidery date- 1066-1082 additional info- this massive embroidery is not very tall, but it is a 230 feet long scroll that illustrates the battle of hastings and the events that lead up to it. It was one of the very first historical documents, it was commissioned by bishop odo a few weeks after the battles ended. The battle was incited by a fight for the English crown. It was first agreed upon that the successor to the current king, king Edward, was to be duke William of the french Normans, but his competition who had previously agreed to this agreement crowned himself king after Edward died because William was in Normandy. However, this does not go well for him and Harold is killed in the battle of Normandy and the Normans take the crown. In this scene is shown the citizens of England seeing Haley's comet which they believed to be a bad omen and telling the king of this omen. Below Harold within the marginalia are ghostly ships to foreshadow the arrival of William. |
|
Image:
Allo2 (binary/octet-stream)
|
Title- Bishop odo blessing the feast culture- Romanesque location/artist- The bayeux embroidery date- 1066-1082 additional info- This entire scroll was conceived by one designer but executed by many needle workers. This embroidery has 50 scenes and 600 animals. The flat colorful imagery is very detailed. This battle effectively united England and most of France under Norman rule. In this scene is shown the commissioner, bishop Odo, blessing the feast held by the Normans before the battle. |
|
Image:
Allo3 (binary/octet-stream)
|
Title- battle of hastings culture- Romanesque location/artist- the bayeux embroidery date- 1066-1082 additional info- Here shows the ensuing battle, it is a large expressive scene. The marginalia shows the Normans taking the defeated Anglo-Saxon weaponry and armor to continue the fight, and the main subject of this portion is where we see king Harold being killed, he is shown stabbed through the eye with an arrow and the battle is won. |
| define the following- rib vaulting flying buttresses stained glass windows rose windows triforium fleurs de lis | rib vaulting The crossed ribs supporting a vault created in the Gothic period of art flying buttresses a buttress slanting from a separate pier, typically forming an arch with the wall it supports stained glass windows small pieces of glass arranged to form pattern ed windows held together by strips of lead and supported by a rigid frame rose windows round radially symmetrical stained glass windows triforium an arcade above the arches of the nave of a church fleurs de lis a stylized lily composed of three petals bound together near their bases. It is especially known to be connected to the former royals of France |
| Title- Abbey church of saint denis culture- gothic location/artist- france date- 1140-1144 additional info- This church was built in four years and credited to abbot suger, who lived there alongside the monks as this church was a monastery. Saint denis is the patron saint of paris, an early christian martyr whose tomb is beneath the church, and this church held relics of saint denis so it was a very popular pilgrim church. along with the pilgrim significance, it also had royal significance. It was the burial place of french kings Abbot suger re built this church when the original church here burned down in a fire, and as he was a great patron of the arts, he made a lavish church. Unfortunately, however, the money came from the surrounding citizen's taxes. he even forged documents to increase the range at which he could tax the people surrounding the new church. This however became the first true entirely Gothic cathedral with pointed arches, rib vaulting, stained glass, flying buttresses, etc. New innovations also allowed for columns instead of piers to be used for support as the but | |
| writing continued | tressing and rib vaulting supported the walls and this allowed for thinner walls, larger and numerous windows, wider apses, and taller structures. As light was symbolic of divinity and Christians believed that god could manifest in the form of heavenly light, the walls of glass windows were very important and spiritual. |
| Title- chartres cathedral (exterior) culture- Gothic location/artist- France date- 1145-1155 additional info- This cathedral is truly Gothic, it has the pointed towers that made you look up, the height, the flying buttresses, etc. The 12th century carried with it many changes, from barter becoming coin, the boom of towns and cities becoming urban centers, and the excess of food and stability that comes with it, to the emergence of universities and the focus rational thought and rethinking of religion that came with the emergence of that larger intellectual city life this was a time of stability and growth. This allowed for the age of cathedrals, wherein thousands of gothic churches were built in and around paris, attracting pilgrims from far and wide. This new emergence of gothic styled architecture coincided with the growing power of the french monarchy and thus royal authority and royal connections to the church grew in this time.this was built on the site of a burnt down cathedral. It had three doors both in the front and side of the transept- the front entrance was only | |
| writing continued | for people of high ranking, such as royalty or the bishop, the transept entrance was for the masses to enter through. |
| Title- royal cathedral from chartres cathedral culture- Gothic location/artist- France date- 1145-1155 additional info- These are the three doors that enter into the apse that only royalty and the bishop could enter through, this portal is in Romanesque style because it was part of the church that stood here before it burned down. They reused this entrance in the new church. The three doors represent the city of god and the new Jerusalem that would await at the end of the world and the entrance way from the earthly realm into the heavenly realm. Shown in the leftmost tympanum is christ ascending to heaven after the last judgement, the middle shows christ in majesty with symbols of the 4 evangelists, and on the right tympanum is shown the virgin mary and infant jesus. This particular tympanum was important because the church was dedicated to her. Also, when women had children in that time, half would die in childbirth, so they would pray to mary to help them. Then after the birth, if it went well, they would have wanted to thank her, but for 40 days after childbirth women were | |
| writing continued | considered 'unclean' so they would come and pray outside to the image of her in this tympanum. This church was a large pilgrim church because it supposedly holds the tunic mary wore when she had baby jesus. |
| Title- chartres cathedral (interior) culture- Gothic location/artist- France date- 1145-1155 additional info- bundle columns, wide apse, rib vaulting, windows! yep this sure is gothic wow | |
| Title- good Samaritan window from chartres cathedral culture- Gothic location/artist- France date- 1145-1155 additional info- This lancet stained glass window (tall rectangular window with a pointed arch) depicts two narriative stories that you read bottom to top, zigzagging upward. The first story it depicts is gods creation of adam and eve, temptation, fall and expulsion from the old testament. This is juxtaposed with the next story, their correlation showing typology as the old testament story foreshadows and contrasts the new testament one. This is common theme in stained glass of the time. The next story it shows is the good Samaritan from the new testament wherein a beggar gets robbed and beaten up, people pass by (including a priest) but a good man finds him and helps him get to an inn. These two stories have the allegory of sin and salvation and preach with pictures. | |
| Title- rose window from chartres cathedral culture- Gothic location/artist- France date- 1145-1155 additional info- This circular rose window at the end of the transept is a massive 42 feet in diameter, with five lancet windows below. As this church is dedicated to the virgin mary, in the center of the window is mary and in the center lancet window is st anne (mary's mother) and baby mary. In the other windows is much religious symbolism referring to both the old and new testament as well as including royal symbolism which makes sense as the windows were a gift from the french king. Within some of the decorated panes are gold fleurs de lis and castles, emblems related to the french monarchy. All the colored light makes for a very ethereal feel in the church. | |
| Title- Reims cathedral (exterior) culture- Gothic location/artist- France date- 1250 additional info- The reims cathedral has massive royal connections as it was the coronation church for the kings of france. It has a longer nave for the processions that come with coronations, and was built upon the site of a previously burnt down church. The three front doors have massive gables, or pointed arches above the doors, and the tympanum inside these hold stained glass windows. The two towers above are symmetrical and below them is the galley of the kings, a series of carvings of past french kings relating to the royal function of the church. In the center gable's carving is christ crowning mary queen of heaven, showing it as another church dedicated to mary. | |
| Title- jamb figures from reims cathedral culture- Gothic location/artist- France date- 1250 additional info- these Gothic style jamb figures were a large difference from the previous style of figure in jambs with them taking a turn towards naturalism and they are in much higher relief. They were made by three different sculptors showing the enormous undertaking the building of the cathedral was, the two on the right were made by the same person and the two others were made by two other people. These have massive Greek and roman influence, and are even in contrapposto. Two different stories are depicted here, the two on the left telling the enunciation when Gabriel tells Mary shes pregnant and to name the baby jesus, with gabriel on the far left and mary to the right of him. The two figures on the right tell the story of the visitation, when mary visits her cousin elizabeth who is also pregnant and whose son becomes st john the baptist, with elizabeth on the far right and mary to her left. | |
| Title- reims cathedral (interior) culture- Gothic location/artist- France date- 1250 additional info- stained glass, rib vaulting, rose windows, sure is Gothic all right, emphasis on light because of belief that god could manifest himself in the form of light. wow. yeppers. | |
| Title- The sainte-chapelle culture- Gothic location/artist- Paris date- 1239-1248 additional info- The sainte chapelle, or 'holy chapel' was a small chapel comissioned by king louis the 9th to house his personal collection of relics, including (supposedly) the crown of thorns that jesus wore during his Crucifixion. This obviously became a large pilgrim church, the first level of the chapel however was only to be used by the king and his court but the second level was open to the public and was where the relics were. The gothic archetechture of the late gothic period was vary well crafted and designes to no longer need so much load bearing supports meaning this church is able to be structurally sound even though it has no flying buttressing and the walls of the second level are almost entirely glass. The theme of these upstairs windows is related to holy kingship as is the cieling that is decorated with gold fleurs de lis with a blue background. This place was this kaleidoscopic veritable reliquary in and of itself. |
Want to create your own Flashcards for free with GoConqr? Learn more.