15976522
Description
| Question | Answer |
| Tenement | • Overcrowded, slum housing |
| Rural | • Areas where not many people live • In “the country” • These areas are always shrinking |
| *Industrialization | • Making stuff with machines in big factories • Mass production |
| *Capitalism | • CAPITAL=MONEY • Businesses competing to make money • Laissez Faire, Market Economy |
| Agrarian | • Related to farming |
| Mechanization | • Producing stuff with machines • Automation |
| Industry | • The business of making things |
| *Laissez-faire | • An enlightenment philosophy • Means “Hands Off”--the government stays out of businesses way, and lets them direct their own course • Capitalism, Market Economy |
| *Social Darwinism | • Survival of the fittest • Only the strong survive—everyone is competing against everyone else • Example: small businesses can’t compete with bigger ones, so they just go out of business |
| *Corporation | • business that is owned by many people not just one person • Example: Walmart, Sony, Ford, etc. |
| *Monopoly/Trust | • One company is the only place you can get a certain good or service –No competition • Example: Standard Oil, U.S. Steel |
| Sherman Antitrust Act | • 1st federal law to attempt to limit monopolies |
| Efficiency | • Eliminating waste: – Eliminating wasted time, money, energy, resources, etc. • Example: taking the shortest route to get somewhere |
| Productivity | • Measure of inputs vs outputs • If you produce more with the same amount of resources or less, your productivity goes UP • Example: today you 10 workers produce 10 cars; tomorrow, the same 10 workers produce 15 cars. Productivity went up. |
| *Specialization | Getting really good at producing or doing ONE thing. Examples: a kicker on a football team; a line worker who just bolts on the front left tire of a car |
| *Interdependence | • Two or more things that need each other to work. Example: – Steel Companies need railroads to ship their steel around the country – Railroads need steel to make their tracks, trains, bridges, etc. THEY NEED EACH OTHER • This is a result of specialization |
| *Immigration | • People Moving Into a country • Example: a person moves here from Italy or Mexico |
| Emigration | • People Leaving a country • The Opposite of immigration |
| migration | • Moving within a country |
| nativism | • Showing favoritism toward non-immigrants (“natives”) – Has NOTHING to do with American Indians! • Example: refusing to hire immigrants |
| *Urbanization | • Cities getting bigger • Urban = City |
| Political Corruption | • Using a position of power to cheat and make money |
| Suburbs | • Communities just outside of cities—not as densely populated, but not rural • EX: Pickerington, Westerville, Dublin |
| Policy | A course of action • It answers the question: “How are we going to do things?” Example: “Late to class, no hall pass” |
| *Legislation | • Laws OR Law-making • Examples: The Affordable Healthcare Act, Sherman Antitrust Act |
| *Antitrust Legislation | • Laws against monopolies/trusts |
| Labor | • Work OR Workers • Example: coal miners, teachers, steel workers, auto workers, etc. |
| *Labor Union/ Labor Organization/Organized Labor | • workers that get together (organize) for better wages, working conditions, and hours » EXAMPLES: United Autoworkers, Ohio Education Association |
| Collective Bargaining | • Workers banding together to negotiate with managers for better pay, working conditions, and hours • What labor unions do |
| Great Railroad Strike (1877) | • Riots against Railroads • No Unions Involved • Led to the formation of Labor Unions • Local, State, & Federal Militias called in to end the violence |
| Pullman Strike (1894) | • Nationwide strike by the American Railway Union • Striking against the Pullman Company • Lots of rioting |
| Homestead Strike (1892) | • Strike of US Steel workers • There was gun fight between workers and strikebreakers • Led to a decline in union membership |
| Haymarket Riot (1886) | • Chicago labor protest turned where there was a bombing & a riot |
| *Unregulated /Unregulated Working Conditions | • Unregulated=no government oversight • Working conditions=what the environment is like at your work – Mostly related to safety • Unregulated working conditions means the government doesn’t tell businesses what the environment at work must be like |
| Middle Class | • People who work but have a good amount of money and a relatively high standard of living |
| *Labor Legislation | • Laws about work. Often about unions |
| Business regulation | • The government telling businesses what they can and cannot do • EXAMPLES: Minimum wage, Meat Inspection Act |
| Political Parties | • Groups that try to run the government – REPUBLICANS – DEMOCRATS – GREEN PARTY – LIBERTARIAN PARTY |
| Interest Groups | • A group of people who want something in common from the government--a particular thing is “of interest” to them. Examples? |
| Public Opinion | What the people think |
| The Media | • The forms of mass communication –Newspapers –TV –Magazines –Radio |
| Leisure | • Free Time--used for enjoyment or relaxing |
| Standard of Living | • How hard or easy your life is—the easier life is, the higher your standard of living |
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