16067902
Description
Flashcards by Chanelle Titchener, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Chanelle Titchener
over 5 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Stages of Attachment | - Indiscriminate attachments - Beginnings of attachments - Discriminate attachments - Multiple attachments |
| Indiscriminate Attachments | - From birth to around 2 months infants produce similar responses to all objects - Near the end of this period, they begin to show preference to social stimuli - Reciprocity and interactional synchrony play a role in establishing relationships with others |
| The Beginnings of Attachment | - At 4 months, infants become more social and prefer human company - Can distinguish between familiar and unfamiliar people - Relatively easily comforted by others - Don't express stranger anxiety yet |
| Discriminate Attachments | - At 7 months, infants begin to show different protests (separation anxiety) and express joy upon contact with the primary attachment figure - 65% (mother), 30% (mother joint first), 3% (father), 27% (father joint first) |
| Multiple Attachments | - Soon after the first attachment has formed, the infant develops multiple attachments - Schaffer and Emerson found that within the first month of attachment, 29% made attachments with others - Within 6 months this had risen to 78% |
| Evaluation | Unreliable data > Data was based on mothers' reports of their infants > Some mothers may be less sensitive to their infants' protests and were less likely to report them > Creates systemic bias |
| Evaluation | Biased sample > Working class sample from the 60s > Parental care has changed considerably > More women work and many infants are cared for outside the home > Increase of stay-at-home dads (x4 over 25 years) |
| Evaluation | Cultural variations > Individualist cultures that focus on the individual - Individual caring for children > Collectivist cultures that focus on a group - Communities caring for all children together |
| Primary Attachment Figures | - Fathers are less likely to be primary attachment figures as they may spend less time with infants - Not psychologically equipped? - lack emotional sensitivity - Biological or social factors ^ |
| Secondary Attachment Figures | - Fathers play a role as secondary attachment figures - Fathers are more physically active with infants whereas the mother is more conventional towards infants |
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