Flashcards
Quiz on Cell Types, Cell Membranes, Diffusion, Osmosis
Cards in this deck (37)
- 1What do nuclei do?Contain cell's DNA, which has "coded" instructions for making proteins & other important molecules
- 2What do ribosomes do?Assemble/make proteins by following instructions from DNA
- 3What does rough endoplasmic reticulum do?Aids in the synthesis of proteins
- 4What does the cell membrane do?Regulates what enters & leaves the cell & protects & supports the cell
- 5What do the mitochondria do?Convert food's chemicals energy into compounds the cell can more easily use
- 6What do chloroplasts do?Capture energy from sunlight and convert it into food in a process called photosynthesis
- 7What does the cell wall do?Support, shape, & protect the cell
- 8What are some differences between prokaryotic cell organelles and general eukaryotic cell organelles?Prokaryotic: Don't have DNA in the nucleus, chemical reactions in cytoplasm instead of mitochondria
Eukaryotic: Nucleus, Vacuoles, Centrioles, ER, Golgi apparatus, Chloroplasts - 9What are some similarities between prokaryotic cell organelles and general eukaryotic cell organelles?Ribosomes, cell wall, cell membrane, DNA, cytoskeleton
- 10What are some differences between animal cell organelles and plant cell organelles?Animal: centrioles, flagellum
Plant: Chloroplasts, cell wall, large vacuoles - 11What are some similarities between animal cell organelles and plant cell organelles?Nucleus, ribosomes, cytoskeleton, ER, cell membrane, mitochondria, golgi apparatus
- 12Define phospholipid headsHydrophilic part exposed to outside of cell
- 13Define phospholipid tailsHydrophobic part formed of fatty acids that forms the oily membrane inside, keeping water out
- 14Define cholestrolKeeps phospholipids from locking together
- 15Define proteinsHelps things move across the membrane
- 16Define carbohydrate chainsHelps cells "talk" & identify each other
- 17All living things _____.are made up of cells
- 18Cells are the _____.basic units & function in living things
- 19New cells _____.are produced from existing cells
- 20What are organelles?"Little organs" in cells that help them survive
- 21What is cytoplasm?The liquidy goop inside cells
- 22Mitochondria and chloroplasts have _____, separate from the nucleus!their own DNA
- 23What is the solute?Molecule being dissolved
- 24What is the solvent?Molecules doing the dissolving
- 25What is the solution?The solvent and solute together
- 26What is diffusion?Random movement of particles from high to low concentration
- 27What is a concentration gradient?uneven distribution of solute
- 28_____ only occurs if there is a _____.Diffusion; concentration gradient
- 29Diffusion does not take any _____ to happen.Added sugar
- 30Diffusion will continue until _____ is reached.equilibrium
- 31What is simple diffusion?When small, hydrophobic molecules can go right through the phospholipid bilayer
- 32What is facilitated diffusion?When bigger, hydrophilic molecules needs to use a protein in the membrane to go through
- 33What is osmosis?Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane - important in cells!
- 34What is isotonic solution?Same concentration of solute inside & outside of cells, and nothing happens
- 35What is hypertonic solution?Higher concentration of solute outside of cell than inside, causing the cell to shrink
- 36What is hyptonic solution?Lower concentration of solute ouside the cell than inside, causing the cell to inflate
- 37What is active transport?Goes against the concentration gradient. Therefore, needs energy to pump molecules across the cell membrane, as well as membrane proteins
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- Freshman/Biology/Unit 4/December 2018
- Created by
- E.M. Flood
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