Flashcards
Lipids and membranes
Cards in this deck (21)
- 1What are simple lipids made of?SImple lipids are esters- hydrolysis gives an alcohol and a fatty acid
- 2What is the general formula of fatty acids?CH3(CH2)nCOOH
- 3What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?Unstaturated= contains a C=C bond
Saturated= does not contain any C=C bonds - 4What is the systematic name for fatty acids?Replace e on the end of the parent hydrocarbon name with oic acid
e.g. butane would be butanoic acid - 5What is the systematic name for unsaturated fatty acids?Replace the e at the end of the parent hydrocarbon name for -enoic acid for one double bond, -dienoic acid for 2 and -trienoic acid for 3
- 6What is the abbreviated naming system for fatty acids?Number before the colon gives number of C atoms. Number after the colon gives the number of double bonds and the triangle gives the position of the double bonds.
e.g. octadecenoic acid with a double bond at C-9 would be
18:1(triangle) 9 - 7What is the other version of naming for fatty acids?C-2 and C-3 are reffered to as the alpha and Beta carbons. The carbon on the distal end of the chain is called the omega carbon. This system count the carbons from the omega carbon, so a double bond on the 3rd carbon away from the double bond would be called an omega-3 fatty acid
- 8Do fatty acids in nature have an odd or even number of carbon atoms?An even number
- 9Are animal fatty acids branched or unbranched?Unbranched
- 10What is the most common configuration of the double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids?Cis
- 11Are polyunsaturated fatty acids conjugated?Never. They always have at least a methylene group between each double bond
- 12What are triacylglycerols?3 fatty acids esterified to glyerol
- 13where are triacylglycerols found?Found in both liver and the intestine but chiefly in adipose tissue
- 14Do saturated on unsaturated fatty acids have a higher melting point?Saturated as the C=C bonds in unsaturated fatty acids make a kink in the molecule, which makes packing more difficult
- 15What are the names of the common phospholipids found in cell membranes?phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl ethanolamine
- 16What are the names of phospholipids which are missing one of their fatty acids?Lysophospholipids
- 17What are sphingomyelins?sphingosine (an amino alcohol with a long unsaturated hydrocarbon chain) attached to a fatty acid by an amide linkage and esterified by phosphorylcholine
- 18What are glycolipids?Molecules with sphingosine esterified with a fatty acid attached to a sugar unit.
- 19What is a glycolipid with only one sugar residue called?A cerebroside
- 20What is a glycolipid with a branched chain of sugar residues called?A ganglioside
- 21What is the main structural lipid in plants?Glycosyl glycerides
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- BSc Genetics year 1 (Chemistry of Life) Flashcards on Lipids and membranes, created by Seren Jones on 02/01/2019.
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- Seren Jones
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