1650764
Description
Flashcards by Ben Goetze, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Ben Goetze
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Alkanes | Only C-C Non-polar Undergo substitution reaction (in presence of light) |
| Homologous Series | A group of organic compounds that follow a set of rules 1. General Formula 2. Differ by CH2 3. Have similar Chemical Properties 4. Physical Properties vary with size |
| Structural Isomer | Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula |
| Funtional Group | Group of bonds/atoms that enable molecules to function in specific ways |
| Alkene | Has C=C Same properties as alkanes except: Undergoes Addition reaction |
| To tell between Alkane/ene | Bromine Water. Alkane - Will take time to decolourise Alkene - Will turn colourless instantly |
| Alkyne | Contains C C triple bond Same Properties: Also undergoes addition reaction |
| Benzene | C6H6 Resonance occurs. Electrons from double bonds shared evenly over all 6 C |
| Alcohol functional group: | ROH |
| Aldehyde Functional Group: | RCHO |
| Ketone Functional Group | R(CO)R' |
| Carboxylic Acid Functional Group | RCOOH |
| Ester Functional Group | RCOOR' |
| Amine Functional Group | RNH2 |
| Haloalkane Functional Group | R-X (where X is Cl, F, I, Br) |
| Naming Alcohols | Alkanol |
| Naming Aldehydes | Alkanal |
| Naming Ketones | Alkanone |
| Naming Carboxylic Acid | Alkanoic Acid |
| Naming Haloalkanes | Flouro, Chloro, Bromo, Iodo |
| Naming Esters | Alkyl Alkanoate (comes from alcohol + carboxylic acid) |
| Fermentation of Carbohydrates | E.g. C6H12O6 -->2C2H5OH +2CO2 (enzymes) |
| Combustion of Alcohols | C2H5OH + 3O2 --> 2CO2 + 3H20 |
| Oxidising alcohols | Requires a strong oxidising agent and heat 1 Alcohols --> aldehyde --> carboxylic acid 2 Alcohol --> Ketone 3 Alcohol --> no reaction |
| How can you differentiate between 1/2 and 3 alcohols? | using H+/Cr2O7 2- Orange-->Green 1/2 Orange-->Orange 3 |
| Esterification involves | Alkanoic Acid + Alkanol --> alkyl alkanoate (H+) |
| Condensation Reaction | Reactants join to form the target product and release another small molecule |
| How can you make large carboxylic acids soluble? | React with NaHCO3/Na2CO3 --> salt + CO2 (ion dipole interactions allow it to dissolve) |
| Naming Amines | Alkanamine |
| Are amines Acidic/Basic | Basic (N can accept a H+ in a dative bond) |
| How to make Amine soluble? | React with HCl. (ion-dipole interactions) |
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