Flashcards
Computer Security: Types of Malware
Cards in this deck (10)
- 1AdwareThe least dangerous and most lucrative Malware. Adware displays ads on your computer.
Tips to avoid adware: Put up a firewall, install a malware scanner, change browsers. - 2SpywareSpyware is software that spies on you, tracking your internet activities in order to send advertising (Adware) back to your system. Tips to avoid spyware: don't click on links withing pop-up windows, choose "no" when asked unexpected questions on the internet, be wary of free downloadable software, don't follow email links claiming to offer anti-spyware software.
- 3VirusA virus is a contagious program or code that attaches itself to another piece of software, and then reproduces itself when that software is run. Tips to avoid a computer virus: Install an antivirus program, don't open email attachments unless you're expecting them, keep your computer updated, use a firewall, use your browser's privacy settings, use a pop-up blocker with your browser, turn on User Account Control (UAC)
- 4WormA program that replicates itself and destroys data and files on the computer. Worms work to “eat” the system operating files and data files until the drive is empty. Tips to avoid computer worms: be aware of what kind of emails and attachments you receive, protect your computer by regularly updating your anti-virus software, and when using email programs, use the ones that have built in spam filters.
- 5TrojanA Trojan horse is a program in which malicious or harmful code is contained inside apparently harmless programming or data in such a way that it can get control and do its chosen form of damage. Tips to avoid trojan horse viruses: set up a good firewall to protect your internet connection, install a good anti-virus program, Protect your browser with security addons like HTTPS everywhere, NoScript, and Web of Trust (WOT), Download files and applications from trusted sources, and scan the executable files using your anti-virus programs, Read your email in plain text mode, if possible. This will prevent a Trojan from sneaking into your system from loaded images and videos.
- 6RootkitIt is a program designed to permit the other information gathering Malware to get the identity information from your computer without you realizing anything is going on. How to avoid rootkit viruses: update your firewall protection, keep the latest antivirus from leading antivirus and security vendors, expose API dishonesty, and harden your workstation or server against attack.
- 7BackdoorsA method of bypassing normal authentication, securing unauthorized remote access to a computer, obtaining access to plaintext, and so on, while attempting to remain undetected. Tips to avoid backdoor viruses: install antivirus software, Update the virus definitions of your anti-virus software, Disconnect the computer from the Internet once the virus definitions have been updated, Reboot the computer and wait for it to boot all the way up, Run a full system scan using your antivirus software and wait for the scan to complete.
- 8KeyloggersRecords everything you type on your PC in order to glean your log-in names, passwords, and other sensitive information, and send it on to the source of the keylogging program. Tips to avoid keyloggers: Install anti-spyware programs, change to limited-user mode, say no to “freeware”, and consider changing web browsers.
- 9Browser HijackingThe modification of a web browser's settings. How to avoid this: Use anti-virus and anti-spyware software and keep the real time protection feature activated, keep your browser and other third party software up to date at all times, learn how to configure your browser for higher security, and keep it on a high security level, learn about e-mail security, be careful when downloading and installing freeware, and read carefully the disclaimers and installation steps in order to detect additional software being installed, avoid or untrustworthy websites, keep the automatic updates of your operating system on.
- 10RansomwareA type of malware which restricts access to the computer system that it infects, and demands a ransom paid to the creator of the malware in order for the restriction to be removed. Tips to avoid ransomware: Ensure your operating system and security software, invest in substantial anti-virus tools (e.g Cryptolocker prevention kits), don't open attachments from unknown sources, back up importan data on a regular basis, move more data to cloud services, use software to identify if a computer is infected, change online passwords and network passwords, and block .exe files over email.
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- Flashcards on Computer Security: Types of Malware, created by sofiicardenas on 20/11/2014.
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