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Flashcards

Microbiology 2

Marielle83 PAPH BVMS English 50 cards

Cards in this deck (50)

  1. 12 species of pathogenic ListeriaListeria monocytogenes
    Listeria ivanovii
  2. 2Clinical signs of Listeriosis in cattle:Meningoencephalitis:
    Circling in one direction
    Head pressing
    Unilateral facial paralysis
    Difficulty swallowing
    Fever, blindness
    Death in 2-3 days
  3. 3Pathogenic mechanisms of Listeria:Facultative intracellular living in macrophages + epithelial cells
    Cell uptake induced by Internalin - lyse vacuole in phagocytes to get into cytoplasm - pol host actin - rocket from cell to cell - cell death
    Listeriolysin = major virulence factor
  4. 4List all gram positive rodsActinobacteria (Nocardia, Trueperella, Corynebacterium)
    Listeria
    Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
  5. 5Which virulence factors are needed for E.coli to be pathogenic?Adhesion factor + at least one Endotoxin
  6. 6E. coli fimbriae: K88 = F4 - ? K99 = F5 - ? 987p = F6 - ? F41 - ?pigs
    pigs, sheep, calves
    pigs, calves
    pigs, calves
  7. 7How does LT toxin work?Heat labile toxin enters cell - switches on regulatory G protein - get massive intracellular [cAMP]
  8. 8How does ST toxin work?Heat stabile toxin enters cell - switches on regulatory G protein - get massive intracellular [cGMP]
  9. 9What are the consequences of LT and ST toxins?Disturbances in electrolyte transport and as a consequence water absorption - water balance from net absorption to net excretion --> diarrhoea
  10. 10What causes diarrhoes in EPEC?Loss of microvilli as enterocyte membrane is pushed up creating a piedestal formation on the brush border
    (not due to toxin)
  11. 11VTEC/STEC/EHEC all produce?Vero toxin aka Shiga-like toxin
  12. 12Vero toxin target and result?Endothelial cells of blood vessels (death of cells) resulting in:
    Oedema
    Haemorrhage
    Thrombosis
  13. 13What are EHEC? (Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli)VTEC/STEC strains causing haemorrhagic colitis in humans
  14. 14Which serotype is the most common EHEC and responsible for cases of HUS?O157:H7
    (HUS = Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome)
  15. 15EHEC mechanism of action?Binds with same cup-like pedestals in LI as EPEC - secreted toxins then cause inflammation of intestinal wall resulting in haemorrhagic colitis
  16. 16Incubation period of EHEC?3-9 days
    (most will recover in 2 weeks)
  17. 17Why can antibiotics make EHEC symptoms worse?Vero toxin (VT) gene come from phages living in bacterial genome - will enter lytic cycle when feel threatened, multiply rapidly - producing loads of toxin, then lyse the cell releasing it
  18. 18What type of fimbria are found in the EHEC causing the non-zoonotic Oedema Disease in pigs?F18
  19. 19Bacillus anthracis toxin consists of what 3 components?Protective antigen
    Oedema factor
    Lethal factor
  20. 20Pair the following serological test with the appropriate organism: Slide agglutination, ELISA, Immunofluorenscence, Lancefield grouping, Nagler test, Mouse protection test C. botulinum, Salmonellae, E.coli K99, C. chauvoei, C. perfringens, StreptococciSlide agglutination - Salmonellae
    Lancefield grouping - Streptococci
    ELISA - E. coli K99
    Immunofluorescence - C. chauvoei
    Nagler test - C. perfringens
    Mouse protection test - C. botulinum
  21. 21Which stain is used for Mycobacteria?Ziehl-Neelsen stain
  22. 22Which stain is used to differentiate Brucella abortus, Lawsonia intracellularis and Chlamydia from cells in which they are found?Koster's stain
  23. 23Which organism is so thin that is is hard to see by light microscopy, hence Dark Ground Microscopy is needed?Leptospira
  24. 24What does the black colonies on a Salmonella Shigella (SS) and Deoxycholate Citrate (DCA) agar indicate?Sulphide production
  25. 25Which agar is used to distinguish pathogenic staphylococci from many non-pathogenic organisms?DNAase agar (DNA)
  26. 26List the clinical forms of Anthrax in animals and humansCutaneous
    Pulmonary
    Intestinal
  27. 27Name the 2 developmental form of Chlamydia/ChlamydophilaElementary Bodies - Infective
    Reticular Bodies - Replicative
  28. 28List 3 species of ChlamydiaChlamydophila psittaci
    Chlamydophila felis
    Chlamydophila abortus
  29. 29What type of conditions are caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum?Cattle diphtheria,hepatic abscesses and blask spot teat in cattle. Necrotic rhinitis in pigs. Necrobacillosis of lower limb and hoof thrush in horses.
  30. 30What shape are Pasteurellaceae?Differs as they all are pleomorphic
  31. 31... is the main cause of atropic rhinitisPasterurella multocida
  32. 32What addition does haemophilus need to grow in culture?Factor X (haemin) or/and factor V (NAD)
  33. 33Which bacteria causes shipping fever in cattle?Mannheimia haemolytica
  34. 34Main cause of gastric and duodenal ulcers in manHelicobacter pylori
  35. 35Which organism causes "Lumpy jaw" in cattle?Actinomyces bovis
  36. 36Which organism lives in dental plaque of domestic animals and can cause thoracic lesions or osteomyelitis in case of oral trauma?Actinomyces viscosus
  37. 37Which bacteria is the cause of Johne's disease?Mycobacterium avium sspp. paratuberculosis
  38. 38Main differences b/w the toxic actions of tentanus and botulism?Tentanus: Block inhibitory signals in CSN causing SPASTIC paralysis
    Botulism: Block Ach action in the periphery causing FLACCID paralysis
  39. 39What causes "Greasy Pig Disease"?Staphylococcus hyicus
  40. 40What organism(s) produces superantigens and what is it?Staphs and Streps
    Does not need a specific matching T cell receptor, result = massive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines
  41. 41Define "yeast"Unicellular organism that reproduce by budding, grow on skin, mucous surfaces and in the body
  42. 42Define "mould"Multicellular organism that produce hyphae, mycelium and spores e.g. Dermatophytes
  43. 43Define "dimorphic fungi"Organism that produce both hyphae and yeast-like forms. Hyphae in environment, yeast in animal
  44. 44Define "mycelium"Mass of hyphae
  45. 45What laboratory tests can be used to identify fungi?Direct microscopy e.g. stains Gram/Giemsa
    Culture e.g. Saubarauds agar, Chromagar
    By morphology and spore production
    PCR
    Histology of infected tissue - silver stains
  46. 46Give 3 examples of yeastsCandida
    Malassezia
    Cryptococcus
  47. 47Give 2 conditions caused by MalasseziaOtitis externa
    Dermatitis
  48. 48Give 3 conditions in cattle caused by Candida albicansMastitis
    Mycotic abortions
    Rumenal infections
  49. 49Give one species of Cryptococcus and one condition it causesC. neoformans
    Chronic rhinitis in cats, also cutaneous, neural and ocular disease in cats
  50. 50What causes ringworm a) in dogs b) in cattlea) Microsporum canis
    b) Trichophyton verrucosum

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Description
BVMS PAPH Flashcards on Microbiology 2, created by Marielle83 on 22/11/2014.
Created by
Marielle83 · Nov 2014
Updated
Apr 6, 2018
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