Flashcards
Social Issues and Ethics Chapter 4
Cards in this deck (57)
- 1Your are a project manager. Certain members in your team have been arguing about which software to use in the project. You conduct a meeting to resolve the conflict by focusing on only other members' common points of agreement. What technique of conflict resolution is this?Smoothing (accommodating) technique
- 2Name 3 things a project manager is responsible for1. knowing and following the rules and procedures related to the project
2. addressing and seeking help on ethical issues
3. Solving project technical issues and team conflicts - 3The historically first international guidelines pertaining to research involving human participants was...Nuremberg Code
- 4You have been with the organization for some time. You find a clear violation of the professional code of ethics occurring frequently even after discussing it with your supervisor. As a professional, you may... (list 3 things you can do)1. look for another group or employer and leave as soon as you can
2. blow the whistle after all internal avenues fail to stop the violation
3. Document the violation and discuss it with other stakeholders in the company - 5You are a project manager and your project is currently in execution phase. The customer has requested additional work. You analyzed the request and found that this work will affect the budget, but not the schedule of the project. What should you do first?explain the change procedure and ask the customer to submit a request for change.
- 6Kantian ethics requires that you never treat clinical trial participant as only means to your end. However, this does not mean that you can’t use people as trial participants at all. To use people in clinical trial experiments, you: (list 2 things)allow subjects to terminate involvement at any time
allow subjects to terminate involvement at any time - 7Your company policy allows gift exchanges with customers up to a certain limit. By mistake, you have given a gift beyond the limit mentioned in your company policy to a customer's representative. What is the best thing to do?Contact your company's senior management and ask for assistance.
- 8You are managing a project. While reviewing the cost estimates for the project, you notice that the cost of one work item in the plan is 20% lower than in a previous project for a very similar work. What should you do first?ask the person responsible for the estimate about the difference.
- 9You are managing a project that is in the execution phase. A large and unexpected problem occurs that will cause a delay in the schedule, if not addressed. What should you do first?Try to solve the problem. Look for tasks where resources can be reassigned to this problem.
- 10You are leading a team and some of your team members are requesting a flexible schedule while others want all team members to work on a fixed time schedule. Your company allows both fixed and flexible time schedules. What should you do first?Arrange a meeting and help the team work it out.
- 11What is a project?A project is a set of tasks with a start and an end to achieve an objective
- 12Describe the project phasesProject initiation
Project planning
Project Execution, monitoring and control
Project closing - 13During which phase of a project does a conduct/ethical issue usually arise?Trick question, a conduct/ethical issue can arise in any of the phases
- 14What are the knowledge areas of a project managerintegration
Scope
Time
Cost
Quality
Human Resource
Communications
Risk
Procurement - 15define integrationTrade offs and coordination of all plans
- 16define ScopeRequirements
- 17Define TimeSchedule
- 18Define costBudget and cost control
- 19Define QualityProcedures/Metrics
- 20Define Human ResourceRoles and performance management
- 21Define CommunicationsCollection and distribution of information
- 22Define RiskRisk and stakeholder management
- 23Define ProcurementContracts, if using outside resources
- 24What is a PMPProject management professional
- 25What are the PMP requirements4 year university degree
3 years of project management experience
pass 200 question exam
Maintain credential by (adhering to PMI code of Ethics) - 26What does a PMP Certification show?Demonstrates competence in leading project teams
- 27What are 3 benefits of having a PMP certification?1. Improve you management skills/Increase project success
2. Qualify for jobs requiring PMP certification
3. Maximize earning potential - 28What are 4 things that a project manager assumes responsibility for?1. Solving project issues (technical, schedule, budget)
2. Managing team conflicts and communication issues
3. following and/or initiating procedures (change, risk, and quality management)
4. Seeking management help when addressing ethical issues (gifts, conflict of interest, harassment...) - 29What are the 4 high level ethical principles of the PMI code of ethics?Responsibility (accountability)
Respect (high concern)
Fairness (objectivity)
Honesty (truth) - 30PMI code of ethics high level definition of responsibility...It is our duty to take ownership for our decisions and actions, and the consequences that result
- 31What is the PMI high level definition for respectIt is our duty to show high concern for ourselves, others and resources (people, money, reputation...) entrusted to us
- 32What is the PMI high level definitions for fairnessIt is our duty to make decisions and act impartially and objectively
- 33What is the PMI high level definition for honestyIt is our duty to understand the truth and act in a truthful manner in our communication and our conduct
- 34What was the first attempt to regulate research on human subjectsNurembercode
- 35What is autonomy?Informed consent
- 36Can a subject terminate involvement at any time? Or once they commit are they committed?They can terminate at any time
- 37define BeneficenceBenefit that cannot be provided in other ways
- 38Define utilityThere are more benefits than risks to the research on humans
- 39Before any human trials, what must take place?The experiment should be based upon prior animal studies
- 40Who should conduct the research on human subjects?Only scientifically qualified individuals
- 41What are some of the things that should be avoided when experimenting on humans?Physical and mental suffering and injury
- 42define Non-maleficenceThere should be no expectation that death or disabling injury will occur from an experiment
- 43State the high-level principles of Bioethics1. Principle of Autonomy (respect for informed and voluntary decisions)
2. Principle of Beneficence (promote healing and/or prevent disease)
3. Principle of Utility (more benefit than harm)
4. Principle of Justice (fair and equal access)
5. Principle of Non-maleficence (no intentional harm) - 44Describe BMES Code of EthicsMindful that public heath and welfare are paramount considerations in each of these areas, the Society identifies in the Code principles of ethical conduct in professional practice, health care, research, and training. This Code reflects voluntary standards of professional and personal practice recommended for biomedical engineers.
- 45What are the 4 high level obligations of the BMES code of ethics?1. Professional Obligations
2. Health care Obligations
3. Research Obligations
4. Training Obligations - 46What are the top sources of conflict in project management?1. Schedules and Priorities
2. Resources
3. Technical opinions - 47Name the 5 resolution techniques1. Collaboration
2. Compromising
3. Smoothing
4. Forcing
5. Withdrawal - 48define Collaborating(Problem solving/confronting):
Incorporate multiple solutions to solve the root cause of the problem so the problem does not come back. - 49Define Compromisingfinding a solution that brings partial satisfaction to all parties
- 50define smoothing(accommodating): focusing on common points of agreement (more focus on other viewpoints).
- 51Define forcing(competing): pushing one's viewpoint at expense of others
- 52define Withdrawal(Avoidance): avoiding or postponing addressing the conflict
- 53When is using "collaborating" technique the best? What are the advantages and weaknesses?best when: commitment of other parties is important. All parties trust each other
Advantages:
win-win solution to the problem
shared responsibility of the outcome
Weaknesses:
May require more effort and time
root cause may not be evident
need time to build trust - 54When is using "compromising" technique the best? What are the advantages and weaknesses?Best when:
Involved parties do not know each other well
reach a quick solution
Advantages:
can be a temporary solution to a complex issue
More practical when time is a factor
Weaknesses:
May result in a lose-lose outcome (everyone makes a concession)
May require follow up monitoring to make sure agreement is carried out. - 55When is using "Smoothing and accommodating" technique the best? What are the advantages and weaknesses?Best when:
Issue is not as critical to you than to others
Temporary relief from the conflict is important
Advantages:
Helps protect more important interests
Builds respect and harmony
Weaknesses:
May result in abuse by opponents
May affect your and other's confidence in your leadership - 56When is using "forcing or competing" technique the best? What are the advantages and weaknesses?Best when:
Resisting aggression, pressure or in an emergency
As a last resort to resolve a long-lasting conflict
Advantages:
May provide a quick resolution
Increases self-esteem if standing up for your right
Weaknesses:
May require a lot of energy
May negatively affect relationships - 57When is using "Withdrawal or Avoidance" technique the best? What are the advantages and weaknesses?Best when:
Issue is not worth the effort
You are not prepared to handle the conflict (cool down or gather facts)
Advantages:
Helps you focus on more important or urgent issues.
Low stress approach when conflict is temporary.
Weaknesses:
Not acting may be interpreted as an agreement.
May negatively affect relationships or your position.
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- Social Issues and Ethics in CS Flashcards on Social Issues and Ethics Chapter 4, created by James Herd on 05/03/2019.
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