Flashcards

Art History Study guide 2

Suraj Multani English 45 cards

Artist - Durer (German Artist) Artwork - The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse Material - Woodcut (A form of print making…

Cards in this deck (45)

1—Artist - Durer (German Artist)
Artwork - The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
Material - Woodcut (A form of print making where artist starts with piece of wood and cut it to create artwork. After that you paint it with ink).
- They are part of story of end of the world.
- In order to destroy all the people these horsemen will came and destroy everything.
- They represent Conquest, War, Famine, and Death.
- This is describing apocalypse.
2—Artist - Durer (German Artist)
Artwork - Adam and Eve
Material - engraving
-Much more fine lines with engraving.
-The artist's first documented use of ideal human proportions based on Roman copies of ancient Greek sculpture.
-The subject is showing that Adam and Eve disobeyed god, and by that they and their descendants become vulnerable to imbalances in body fluids that controlled human temperament.
-The artist put his signature on the placard hung on the tree branch.
-Some northern aspects of painting,( the clutters), a lot going on, descriptiv details..
- There are some qualities of Italian art he put in.
-Paying attention to muscularization, contraposto (Italian details).
3—Artist - Durer (German Artist)
Artwork - Four Apostles
Material - oil on wood panel
-- Showing the apostles of Jesus.
John is holding the open gospel that reads "In the beginning of the world" reinforcing the Protestant emphasis on the bible, and Peter (holding the key) on left side, in the center as his normal position as first pope.
- On the right side Mark and Paul are standing.
- Related with Michelangelo's ideas, and other Italian details.
- They express his religious sympathies.
4—Artist - Hans Holbein the Younger (German painter)
Artwork - The French Ambassadors
Material - oil on wood panel
- Shows two ambassadors of London.
-He picked up things from Italian art (orderly painting(not cluttered).
-They(ambassadors) are interesting in science based on the things on the table. They are shown well educated, intellectual.
- Anamorphic Image( where the artist include something not understandable while seeing from front, but when you see it from side, you will understand what it is.)
skull - reminder of death.
5—Artist - Pieter Bruegel the Elder (Netherlands)
Artwork - Return of the Hunters
Material - Oil on wood Panel
-It is one of the part of series he was commissioned for.(shows winter time)
- Shows the Flemish landscape. Sows the hunters are coming home with their dogs.
- On the left their is row of trees, diminishes, and draws our attention to the hillside houses.
- Shows the activities of common people.
6—Artist - El Greco (Greece)
Artwork - Burial of Count Orgaz
material - oil on canvas
-Comissioned by the priest in church of Santo Tome to honor Count Orgaz.
- They wanted to celebrate the memory of CountOrgaz, who donated to the church a lot.
-The subject of burial of Orgaz. while the funeral ceremony was going on, then two saints come down from heaven and pick him up from scoffer, and bring him to the heaven. (An angel lifts Counts's soul to the heaven).
- Shows clear naturalism (perpotonal figures, in earth)
-He put in son in the painting and sign on his kerchief.
- but in the upper half , there are strange figures, shows distorted menarism.
7Getting into Baroque Period 1600 to 1750s Scientists are - Copernicus (Showed that we are not the center of universe), Galileo( ideas about physics), Kepler, Newton. - Advances in science effected art in that period. - Microscope developed in 17th century.Period of strong monarchy. Germany is divided into small states. in term of religion ,Protestants revolution is complete by this period. In southern map, there are Catholics.(France, southern Germany, eastern Europe, Flanders). Northern Germany was Protestant, England, Netherlands.
8—Artist - Bernini (Italian)
Artwork - David
Material - Marble
Where - Rome
-He produced David as a young artist in his 26 th year.
-The artist made it for the made for a nephew of Pope Paul V.
- His David is actually abut to throw the stone at Goliath. didn't killed Goliath yet.
- This twisting figure Encouraging the viewer to move around the statue, giving the sense of passage of motion. Also the passage of time of the act.
-All the naturalism and anatomy used during renaissance is there.
9—Artist - Bernini
Artwork - St. Teresa of Avila in Ecstasy
Material - Marble
Where - Rome
-Avila was nun and had visions about religious things. Once she had a vision of having pain on her side, while she was imaging that angel came from god and stabbing her , which shows the sense of oneness with god.
- The artist showed his skills as capturing the movement and emotions of these figures, and the different king of drapery of angel and Avila is shown.
-Gilded bronze rays as they are coming from the god.
-It is in the chapel.
-On the balconies of both sides of the Chapel, there are marble portrait sculptures of Federigo, his diseased father, and six cardinals of Cornaro family.
-Putti playing around the arch.
10—Artist - Francesco Borromini (Italian)
Architecture - San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane
Where - Rome
-Church is at the street corner and attached to other building.HE WAS told to crate new fasad for the church. He used corinthian columns. He created elastic columns around the church. He designed oval dome for the church.
Th walls are undulating, bending, a lots of in and outs.
11—Architects - Bernini and Maderno
Architecture - St. Peter’s Basilica and Piazza
Where - Rome
WHO commission for this - Pope Paul V
-It is redesigned by Bernini and Carlo Maderno. They said that the design is so small and wanted to increase the size of it. For that they created new fasad, wider than the entrance of St Peter Basilica.
- It is key looking have arms on both sides and if you look from the top of the Basilica, you see the view is diminishing into the river with the street.
-The arms have the Doric columns designed by Maderno.
12—Artist - Giovani Battista Gauli (Italian)
Artwork - The triumph of the name of Jesus and the fall of the Damned
Where - Jesuit Church II Gesu
-It is on the ceiling of the Church.
-The artist designd this sculpture and painting in such a way that eliminates any apearence of arcitectural division.
-The subject is the story of the Last judgement. Shows that the people are coming toward you.
- To maintain the Catholicism.
13—Artist - Caravaggio (Italian)
Artwork - Calling of St. Mathew
Material - oil on canvas
-He created compelling and theoretical artwork.
- Bring religion right down to earth.
- Matthew was one of Jesus apostles. He was tax collector before apostle. While he was counting the money of tax, Jesus came in the room and tell Matthew to follow him. Since then, he leave whatever he do in his life and followed Jesus.
- Lighting is theoretical. High contrast
- Tenebrism - sharp spotlite of lighting.
- He brings realism(real everyday life rendering) to his paintings.
14—Artist - Caravaggio
Artwork - Conversion of St. Paul
-He was early christian saint. He was travelling and suddenly hit by the heavenly light which made him blind.
15—Artist - Gentileschi (Italian)
Artwork - Judith Beheading Holofernes
Material - Oil on canvas
- This is the story of the destructive invasion of Judah by the Assyrian general Holofernes, when the brave Jewish widow Judith risked her life to save her people. Using her charm to gain Holofernes’s trust, Judith enters his tent with her maidservant while he is drunk and beheads him with his own sword.
- Tenebrism is used in the painting.
16—Artist - Ribera (Spanish)
Artwork - Martyrdom of St. Bartholomew
Material - oil on canvas
- Using the style of Caravaggio.
- Early christian saint who was martyred by being skinned alive
- He is about to be skinned alive.
- He is looking at The light of god is coming toward him.
- The executioner sharpening the knife while looking at him.
-Tenebrism is used in this painting.
17—Artist - Velazquez (Spanish)
Artwork - Water Carrier of Seville
Material - oil on canvas
- The water carrier is character who delivers water and handing the jug of water to a young guy.
18—Artist - Velazquez
Artwork - Las Meninas
Material - Oil on Canvas
- One od the large room in spanish palace. The studio of Velazquez. He is having the visit from the Philip the fouth's kid.
- There are paintings in this painting. the king and queen are looking in the room that are portrayed in the mirror.
19—Artist - Rubens (Flemish)
Artwork - The Raising of the Cross
Material - oil on canvas
- Central panel of tryptych.
-Jesus in being rising along the cross. Strong male figures are working for it. Compared to Michelangelo works of super humans in artwork. He also using the Caravaggio's tenebrism little bit.
Got strong light and dark.
-He used diagonal line in this painting along the cross to add up the action in the painting.
-Gave the sence of movement over time in the image.
-Drama and theatricality is shown.
20—Artist - Rubens
Artwork - Henry IV Receiving the Portrait of Marie de’Medici
-Shows the glorification of pure Monarch, Marie.
-Marine the Medicci maried to Henry the fourth.
- She had ego and ruler of upper class.
- She want to show that she governing as the god wants of her.
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21—Artist - Rubens
Artwork - Premetheus bound
-Shown that when premetheus stole the fire from the god and gave it to the humans then he was punished by chained up on the hill and where an eagle comes everyday and eats his liver. the liver grows every day and eagle eat it again.
- The torture is shown.
22—Artist - Van Dyck (Flemish Baroque)
Artwork - Charles I at the Hunt
Material - oil on canvas
- The oainting of king, Monarch
-Instead of showing Charles wealth, he showed that he is hunting, is in good mood, give look of outdoors man. Not in his royal clothes.
- He started the trend of outdoor painting in england.
23—Artist - Peeters (Antwerp, Europe)
Artwork - Still Life with Flowers, Goblet, Dried Fruit and Pretzels
- the idea of still life is the subject of her artworks (ex..stuff on table).
- She used different textures and rendered them which precision. Very much details.
-She used tenebrism in this painting. Influenced by Caravaggio.
-The stuff seems to be moving on the table.
Breakfast deze....\
Vanithas - painting that remind you that thing we enjoy come and go, and people we love are come and go. (TIME IS PASSING, ENJOY THE TIME YOU HAVE RIGHT NOW.
24—Artist - Hals (Flanders, Netherlands)
Artwork - Officers of the Haarlem Militia Company of St. Adrian
- The company shown is made up of several guard units, was charged with the military protection of Haarlem.
- Hals’s composition is based on a strong underlying geometry of diagonal lines—gestures, banners, and sashes—balanced by the stabilizing perpendiculars of table, window, and tall glass.
25—Artwork - Jacob van Ruisdael (Dutch Painter, Harlem, Netherlands)
Artwork - View of Haarlem from the Dunes at Overveen
-Panorama view of landscape. The horizon line is low. There is industry in the foreground, where the womens are working.
-There is sence of infinite, where people are very small.
- The dutch paintins usulaay have massage in them, in this the church shows the presence of god.
26—Artist- Claesz (Dutch Painter, Antwerp, Belgium, Europe)
Artwork - Still Life with Tazza
- Passage of time is shown.
- Real life renderings, as table cloth, the reflection of water.
- Drawn things dialgonally to give strong sence of depth.
-Vanitas- reminding us of depleting nature of life.
27—Artist - Rachel (Dutch painter, Netherlands)
Artwork - Flower Still Life
- Painting of flover vaze.
-Famous during that time.
- Tenebrism is given.
-As a vanitaz painting, she didnt gave the perfect bookeh, but some broken flower as the passage of time.
-The flowers are not arranged.
28Any scene of contemporaary everyday life shanrascene.Artist - Hals
- used loose brush strokes in his portrait.
29—Artist - Hals
Artwork - Malle Babbe
Material - oil on canvas
- Based on actual person. It is character study.
-There is evidence that malle baba suffering from mental ilness. he found that she is interesting character study to do.
-Study of mental illness. shown by drink a lot.
-He given us figure that is distressing, out of control, not really rendered with probity.
- Also loose brush strokes are used.
30—Artist - Vermeer (Dutch Painter, Netherlands)
Artwork - Woman Holding a Balance
Material - oil on canvas
- Quite interior with single women.
subtle light is coming through, it is still.
- she got her jewelry out and weighing it.
- Behind her is the scene of last judgement.
- Blobs of paint are there
31—Artist - Rembrandt (Dutch Painter, Netherlands)
Artwork - Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Tulp
Material - oil on canvas
- Group portrait. He tried to create a narrative that why these people are together.
- Scene of disection. Dead body of criminal that just being hung.
- People in group are looking interesting to the lesson.
- He had the figures in pyramidal fourm.
-Tenebrism is here.
-Things are pusseh into the space like they are coming outside of the painting.(Book).
32—Artist - Rembrandt
Artwork - The Night Watch
- Another group portrait.
-Looks like Amsterdam is in under attack and Malitia company is on the move.
-He decided to create this portrait as a painting of military heroes, not like banquet.
- Captain and leutanant are planing the stratigy.
- Tenebrism is shown.
- He changed the way light has given to the painting, and gave lighting to all the faces in the painting.
33—Artist - Rembrandt
Artwork - Return of the Prodigal Son
- The story is that there was very wealthy man and got two sons. he wanted to give his wealth to his sons after death. One son was good responsible and other was not much. Other one spent all his money and dissapointed. He came back home and accepted by his father like he forgive all his sins and encouraged him to start over again.
-Strong lingting is used.
- Much more loosely painted brushstrokes can be seen.
3417th Century Art trends1. First half of the 1600's - Art style varies but include influences of tenebrism and introduction of classicism.
2. 1648 - establishment of Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture establishes Classicism as the French style.
3. Art and architecture produced for the French King was glorifying, effusive and propagandist.
35—Artists - LeVau, Hardouin-Mansart, LeBrun
Artwork - Versailles with Hall of Mirrors
- The room is used for entertainment place for partying and dancing.
- Every window have arched mirror on either side.
-THere is barrel wall with the paintings of louis, classical gods.
36—Artist - La Tour (French Painter)
Artwork - Mary Magdalen with Smoking Flame
- Mary Magdalene shown in the painting. Looks like she already became humble and thinking about what is meaning of life. There is skull in her lap, as a reminder of death. Shows the life doesn't exist forever.
-There is glass lamp which is lightening.
37—Artist - Poussin (French Baroque Artist)
Artwork - Et in Arcadia Ego
- Ancient roman arcadia is shown. Three shepard found tomb in arcadia. Then a woman came in and tell them that she put it there just to reminder that death can come anywhere.
Style of Rphael is used. The classical figures are shown.
38—Artist - Poussin
Artwork -
-Saint mathew is shown with an angel and he siting in the ruins.
The massage is that mathew is coming out of roman world and pointing toward the new christian world that is coming while writing the new testament.
-Symettry is shown.
- Arial perspective.
- finally italian renaissance bring to frace and tought by French academy.
39—Artist - Claude Lorrain (French Painter)
Artwork - Pastoral Landscape
-The arcadia is shown. The shepards are shown.
small figures are in foreground.
-Framing elements are shown.
- we can look into the depth that is glowing by sun.
40—Artist - Boffrand (French Architect)
Artwork - Salon de la Princesse
- Rococo, was a taste of Boroque.
-Gold molding
- Delicacy and lightness are typical of French Rococo salon design.
- Polished surfaces included carved wood pannels called boiseries.
- The glitter of gold and silver sgainst white shades and visual confusion of of mirrors reflections all enhances the Rococo interior.
41Boroque art- ULTIMATELY DERIVED FROM NATURALISM.
- ITALIAN BOROQUE MENT TO BREAK THROUGH TRADITIONAL BOUNDRY OF ART, MIXING PAINTING WITH SCULPTURES.
- Extending artwork to the viewer.
- To create drama by rendering the spiral figures to add sense of movement and passage of time.
- Tenebrism is widely used.
- Loose brush strokes.
- Big architecture projects.
-Tried to show the sense of infinity of universe.
42—Artist - Jean (French Painter)
Artwork - The Swing
- The seen is the young lady on the swing pushed by elderly guardian. On the left hand girl's lover is hidden behind the bushes looking at the girl's skirt when swing approaches. He is trying to reach out to her with is hat. There is sculpture of Cupid on the left.
Boroque complexity is here. the Lighting.
Sexy methology subject.
The painting is bursting with desire and anticipation, also aintained the robust sense of humor.
43—Artist - Jean-Antoine Watteau (French Painter)
Artwork - Pilgrimage to the island of
- The artist portrayed idyllic and sensual life of Rococo aristocrats.
- The subject of this painting is the dream world where beautifully dressed couples accompanied by putti concludes the romantc trysts of their day on the island sacred to venus.
Royal academy created a new acedamic category after looking at this canvas and named it elegant outdoor entertainment to describe this.
44—Artist - Hogarth (English Painter, England)
Artwork - The Marriage Contract
- The cast of characters is assembled to legalize the union. On the left squander field is sitting pointing toward the family tree which goes back to the medieval knights, as to show that pile of money in front of him is not enough for the marriage contract that he is being asked to sign.
- Hogarth hoped to create distinctively British style of art which is free of obscure mythological references, and leads to the social improvement.
-Used the Rococo style.
45—Artist - Gainsborough
Artwork - Mrs. Richard Brinsley Sheridan (English Portrait)
- outdoor portrait.
- Sense of a wild nature, strength is shown.
- The composition of this artwork is diagonal and is in the grand manner genre.
There is hint of romantic malencholy in her eyes.