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Flashcards

GCSE ICT Glossary of terms

CAB English 123 cards

Cards in this deck (123)

  1. 1A reference to a cell used in a formula where, when the formula is copied to a new address, the cell reference does not change.ABSOLUTE CELL REFERENCE
  2. 2Restriction of a user's access to only those files they need in order to perform their jobACCESS RIGHTS
  3. 3The names and e-mail adresses of all the people to whom you are likely to send e-mail, stored as a fileADDRESS BOOK
  4. 4Software designed to do a particular job.APPLICATION SOFTWARE
  5. 5Creating computer programs or computers that behave in a similar way to the human brain by learning from experience.ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
  6. 6A code for representing characters in binaryASCII
  7. 7A measure of the amount of data that can be transferred per second over the Internet or other networkBANDWIDTH
  8. 8All the inputs needed are grouped together and processed in one goBATCH PROCESSING
  9. 9Copy of an e-mail sent to lots of people who are unable to see the e-mail addresses of the other people who have been sent the same e-mailbcc - BLIND CARBON COPY
  10. 10A property of the human body such a s fingerprints or patterns on the retina that can be used to identity a personBIOMETRIC
  11. 11A graphic or image that is stored as a map showing the position and colour of individual dots of light called pixelsBITMAP GRAPHIC
  12. 12A website that allows comments to be postedBLOG
  13. 13A person who posts their comments to a blogBLOGGER
  14. 14A method used to transfer data wirelessly over short distances from fixed and mobile devicesBLUETOOTH
  15. 15A block or paragrapgh of text that has a symbol placed in front to make the section fo text stand outBULLET POINT
  16. 16A copy of an e-mail sent to more than one personcc - CARBON COPY
  17. 17Stands for closed circuit televisionCCTV
  18. 18Any symbol (letter, number, punctuation mark etc) that you can type from the keyboardCHARACTER
  19. 19A decimal number (or alphanumeric character) added to a number for the purpose of detecting the sorts of human errors normally made on data entryCHECK DIGIT
  20. 20A network where several computers are connected to a more powerful computer that controls the operation of the networkCLIENT SERVER
  21. 21Storing data in a format that requires less space. Bitmapped graphics such as photograpghs are usually made a fraction of their normal file sizeCOMPRESSION
  22. 22An act that makes illegal a number of activities such as deliberately planting viruses, hacking, using ICT equipment for fraudCOMPUTER MISUSE ACT 1990
  23. 23A law making it a criminal offence to steal or copy softwareCOPYRIGHTS, DESIGNS AND pATENTS ACT 1988
  24. 24Only using part of an imageCROPPING
  25. 25Rawfacts abd figures e.g. readings from sensors, survey facts etcDATA
  26. 26Term for the various methods by which data can be entered into the computer so that it can be processedDATA CAPTURE
  27. 27The correctness of data storedDATA INTEGRITY
  28. 28A device that collects readings from one or more sensors. The time interval between each reading can be varied (called the logging rate) and the total time over which the data is logged (called the logging period) can also be variedDATA LOGGER
  29. 29The process of using an ICT system to collect data from sensors over a certain period of time. Remote weather stations use this.DATA LOGGING
  30. 30A law that restricts the way personal information is stored and processed on a computerDATA PROTECTION ACT 1998
  31. 31Where the same data is stored more than once in a table or where the same data is stored in more than one tableDATA REDUNDANCY
  32. 32A way of ensuring that an e-mail or document sent eletronically is authentic. it can be used to detect a forged documentDIGITAL SIGNATURE
  33. 33To copy files from a distant computer to the one you are workng onDOWNLOAD
  34. 34The process of coding files before they are sent over a network to protect them form hackers. Also the process of coding files stored on a computer/storage device so that if the device is stolen they cannot be read.ENCRYPTION
  35. 35An applied science concerned with designing and arranging things people use, so that the people and things interact most efficiently and safelyERGONOMICS
  36. 36To take data from the package you are working on and save it. You can then view this file separately from the file it was created with or it can be imported into a different software packageEXPORT
  37. 37An external network that can be used by the customers, suppliers and partners of an organisation as well as the organisation itselfEXTRANET
  38. 38Storage area where the URL (i.e. web address) of a website can be stored so that it can be accesses later using a linkFAVOURITES
  39. 39A machine capable of sending and recieving text and pcitures along telephone lines (quite old fashioned now)FAX
  40. 40Where the output from the system directly affects the inputFEEDBACK
  41. 41A space in an information handling system or database used for inputting data. For instance, you could have them for surnames, DOB etcFIELDS
  42. 42A file that is attached to an e-mailFILE ATTACHMENT
  43. 43This is a high speed computer in a network that stores programs and data files shared by usersFILE SERVER
  44. 44A piece of software, hardware or both that is able to protect a network from hackersFIREWALL
  45. 45Text placed at the bottom of a documentFOOTER
  46. 46Checks performed on codes to make sure that they conform to the correct combinations of charactersFORMAT CHECKS
  47. 47The device/software that translates between two different kinds of computer networks e.g. between a LAN and a WANGATEWAY
  48. 48This is abbreviation for garbage in, garbage out. In other words rubbish into the computer produces rubbish out of the computer!GIGO
  49. 49An ICT system used to capture, manage, analyse and display geographically referenced informationGIS
  50. 50Another name for a satellite navigation systemGPS (global positioning system)
  51. 51Interface that allows users to communicate with the computer using icons and pull down menusGUI - graphical user interface
  52. 52People who try to break into a computer/computer network with the intend to do harm or steal dataHACKER
  53. 53The physical components of a computer systemHARDWARE
  54. 54Meaningless total of numbers such as order numbers used to check that all the data has been enteredHASH TOTAL
  55. 55Text placed at the top of a documentHEADER
  56. 56An image or peice of text used as a link. When you click on the image or text , you are taken to another part of the same page or a different page or a different site, or it may open a new file or a new windowHOTSPOT
  57. 57A feature of a website that allows user to jump to another webpage, to jump to part of the same webpage or to send an e-mailHYPERLINK
  58. 58A computer programming language used to create documents on the WWW You can use it to specify the structure and layout of a web documentHTML - HYPERTEXT MARK UP LANGUAGE
  59. 59To bring data from outside the software you are using into the software. The software converts the incoming file so the user can see and use the dataIMPORT
  60. 60Data that has been processes by the computerINFORMATION
  61. 61The person resposible for enforcing the Data Protection Act. They also promote good practice and make sure everyone is aware of the implications of the ActINFORMATION COMMISSIONER
  62. 62The hardware devices used to feed data into an ICT system e.g. a keyboard or scannerINPUT DEVICE
  63. 63A method of two people using real time text to conduct a conversationIM - INSTANT MESSAGING
  64. 64Where there is a constant dialogue between the user and the computerINTERACTIVE
  65. 65A huge group of networks joined togetherINTERNET
  66. 66A company that provides users with an Internet connectionISP - INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER
  67. 67A private network used within an organisation that makes use of Internet technologyINTRANET
  68. 68A field that is unique for a particular record in a databaseKEY FIELD
  69. 69Derived from information by applying rules to itKNOWLEDGE
  70. 70A network of computers on one siteLAN - local area network
  71. 71Input method making use of numbers printed onto document e.g. a cheque, in a special magnetic ink that can be read by the reader at a very high speedMICR - Magnetic ink character recognition
  72. 72Combining a list of names and addresses with a standard letter so that a series of letters is produced with each letter being addressed to a different personMAIL MERGE
  73. 73An ICT system that supplies information that helps give managers and others the information that they need to make effective decisionsMIS - Management information system
  74. 74One million pixels (i.e dots of light)MEGAPIXEL
  75. 75Thin cards you see in digital cameras used to store photograpghs and can be used for other dataMEMORY CARDS
  76. 76The brain of the computer consisting of millions of tiny circuits on a silicon chip. it proccesses the input data to produce informationMICROPROCESSOR
  77. 77Used mainly to communicate between electronic keyboards, synthesizers and computers. The files are compressed to make them quite small.MIDI - Musical Instrumnet Digital Interface
  78. 78The central circuit board of the computer that contains all the electronic components such as the CPU and memory chipsMOTHERBOARD
  79. 79Music file format that uses compression to reduce the file size considerably, which is why the file format is popular with portable music players such as iPods and mobile phonesMP3
  80. 80Making use of many media such as text, images, sound, anaimation and videoMULTIMEDIA
  81. 81A group of computers that are able to communicate with each otherNETWORK
  82. 82This is systems software that allows computers connected together to function as a networkNETWORKING SOFTWARE
  83. 83This is a combination of software and a scanner that is able to read characters into the computerOCR - optical character recognition
  84. 84Reader that detects marks on a piece of paper. Shaded areas are detected and the computer can understand the information contained in themOMR - optical mark reader/recognition
  85. 85Shopping over the Internet, as opposed to using traditional methods such as buying goods or sevices from shops or trading using the telephoneONLINE SHOPPING
  86. 86Using ICT to help in the learning processONLINE TUTORIAL
  87. 87Software that controls the hardware of a computer and is used to run the applications software. It controls the handling of inputs, outputs, etcOPERATING SYSTEM SOFTWARE
  88. 88The results from processing dataOUTPUT
  89. 89Check to make sure that data sent is the same as that received when data is transmitted from one computer to anotherPARITY CHECK
  90. 90A series of characters chosen by the user that are used to check the identity of the user when they require access to an ICT systemPASSWORD
  91. 91A small hand held computer (quite out dated now)PDA - personal digital assistant
  92. 92Arrangement where each computer is of equal statusPEER TO PEER NETWORK
  93. 93Data about a living identifiable person that is specific to themPERSONAL DATA
  94. 94Tricking people into revealing their banking or credit card detailsPHISHING
  95. 95The process of illegally copying softwarePIRACY
  96. 96A single point in a graphics element or the smallest dot of light that can appear on a computer screenPIXEL
  97. 97Passing off someone else's work as your ownPLAGIARISM
  98. 98Digital media files that can be audio or video that are released in episodes so that you can be fed them automatically when you connect to the servicePODCASTS - PERSONAL ON DEMAND BROADCAST
  99. 99This controls the printers within a network of computersPRINT SERVER
  100. 100Any operation that transfers data into informationPROCESS
  101. 101Performing calculations or arranging the data into a meaningful orderPROCESSING
  102. 102The set of step by step instructions that tell the computer hardware what to doPROGRAM
  103. 103Fast temporary memory which loses its content when the power is turned offRAM - Random Access memory
  104. 104A data validation technique that checks that the data input to a computer is within a certain rangeRANGE CHECK
  105. 105Type of processing where data received by the system is processed immediately without any delayREAL TIME PROCESSING
  106. 106A database where the data is held in two or more tables with links established between them. The software is used to set up and hold the data as well as to extract and manipulate the stored dataRELATIONAL DATABASE
  107. 107The way tables are related to or linked to each other. They can be one to one or one to many or many to manyRELATIONSHIP
  108. 108When a cell is used in a formula and the formula is copied to a new address, the cell address changes to take account of the formula's new positionRELATIVE CELL REFERENCE
  109. 109The output from a database in which the results are presented in a way that is controlled by the user and looks smart and professionalREPORT
  110. 110Obtains data stored on a tag (a small chip) using radio signals, which means that the reading device and tag do not have to come into contact with each otherRFID - radio frequency identification
  111. 111A button/image that changes its appearance when a cursor is moved over itROLLOVER BUTTON
  112. 112Memory stored on a chip which does not lose data when the power is turned offROM - Read only memory
  113. 113Hardware device that is able to make the decision about the path that an individual packet of data should take so that it arrives in the shortest possible timeROUTER
  114. 114A painful muscular condition caused by repeatedly using certain muscles in the same wayRSI - repetitive strain injury
  115. 115A method of sending podcastsRSS - Really simple syndication
  116. 116Commonly used system enabling maps to be displayed and show a location and guide the person to thier destinationSAT NAV - Satellite navigation systems
  117. 117Setting up bogus companies with bogus websites and then making off with the money from customers' ordersSCAMS
  118. 118Devices that measure physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, humidity etcSENSORS
  119. 119This allows short low cost messages to be sent between phones. It is also possible to send these messages to phones using a computer or other mobile devicesSMS - short message service. Also known as texting
  120. 120A website that is used to communicate with friends and family and to make new friends and contactsSOCIAL NETWORKING SITE e.g facebook
  121. 121The programs used by computersSOFTWARE
  122. 122Unsolicited bulk e-mails (i.e emails from people you do not know, sent to everyone in the hope that a small percentage may purchase the goods or services on offer)SPAM
  123. 123Program usually found with a word processor and most packages that make use of text, that checks the spelling in a document and suggests correct spellingsSPELLCHECKER

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Flashcards on GCSE ICT Glossary of terms, created by CAB on 09/12/2014.
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CAB
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