Flashcards
Bio 20-Chapter 1- Energy Transfer in the Biosphere
Cards in this deck (17)
- 1Cellular Respirationprocess in which, mitochondria in the cells of plants, animals, and other multi-cellular organisms break down carbohydrates and other energy-rich products derived from them, such as fats, to generate molecules of ATP
- 2Photosynthesisthe process by which plants, algae, and some kinds of bacteria use the Sun's light energy to chemically concert carbon (inorganic) into carbohydrates (organic) such as sugars and starches
- 3Producersorganisms that synthesize its own food from inorganic molecules by using light or chemical energy; also known as autotroph
- 4Consumersan organism that cannot synthesize its own food through photosynthesis or chemo-synthesis, and must derive some of its nutrients from organic molecules formed by producers (autotrophs); also known as a hetertroph
- 5Albedoa surfaces ability to reflect light
- 6Chemosynthesisthe process by which certain fungi and bacteria use the energy from chemical nutrients to chemically convert carbon (inorganic) into carbohydrates (organic) such as sugars and starches in the absence of sunlight
- 7Primary Consumerorganism that obtains energy by eating plants; also known as a herbivore
- 8Secondary Consumerorganism that eats primary consumers (herbivores)
- 9Tertiary Consumerorganism that eats secondary consumers
- 10Decomposersorganism, usually a bacterium, fungus, earthworm, or insect, that obtains energy by consuming dead plant and animal matter, or waste
- 11Trophic Levelin an ecosystem, a feeding level through which energy and matter are transferred; indicates an organism's position in the food chain and is determined by the number of energy transfer steps required to reach each level
- 12Food Chainmodel showing the linear pathways through which food (energy) is transferred from producers to primary consumers and to higher trophic levels
- 13Food Webmodel of food (energy) transfer in an ecosystem that shows the connections among food chains
- 14Pyramid of Numbersschematic representation of the relative numbers of organisms at each trophic level
- 15Biomasstotal dry mass of all the living, or once living, organisms in a given population, area, or other unit being measured
- 16Pyramid of Biomassschematic representation of the relative amount of biomass at each trophic level
- 17Pyramid of Energyschematic representation of the relative amount of energy at each trophic level
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- Source: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Inquiry into Biology
- Created by
- Kristin VanArragon
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