Biology 4.1.1 Antibodies

Question	Answer
What are antibodies made of?	Glycoproteins (amino acids and sugars)
Where is the variable reigon? What is its function? Image: Antibody (binary/octet-stream)	Found on the ends of the "Y" It is the antigen binding site which is complementary to the specific antigen Image: Antibody+2 (binary/octet-stream)
What bond is found between polypeptides? Image: Antibody (binary/octet-stream)	Disulphide Image: Antibody+2 (binary/octet-stream)
What is the constant reigon? What is its function?	"Constant portion" on diagram Phagocytes have specific receptors for this reigon which is same for all antibodies Image: Antibody+2 (binary/octet-stream)
What is the hinge reigon? What is its function?	Allows flexibility in binding antigens Image: Antibody+3 (binary/octet-stream)
What is agglutination?	Large antibodies binding pathogens together making bacteria easier to englufand prevent viruses entrering host cells
What are antitoxins?	Antibodies that act as anti-toxins by binding to toxins produced by pathogens, making them harmless
What is the difference between a persons first and second immune response?	The first time, clonal selection and expansion take longer and less antibodies are produced, making us ill. The second time, memory cells allow us to produce antibodies quickly and in high numbers and the pathogen is destroyed before the person experiences any symptoms

Resource summary

	Created by Sam Gunnell almost 5 years ago