Flashcards
Biology 4.1.1 Cells in the immune system
Cards in this deck (20)
- 1How does the immune system detect pathogens?Antigens on the surface of the pathogens are detected as foreign which activates an immune response
- 2What are the two types of cells in the immune system?Phagocytes
Lymphocytes - 3What do phagocytes do?Remove dead/invading cells
- 4What are the two types of phagocytes?Neutrophils
Macrophages - 5What do neutrophils do?Travel around in capillaries and can squeeze out of capillaries at any time to find and engulf pathogens
- 6What do macrophages do?They travel to an organ and stay there and fight pathogens if they turn up
- 7Where are phagocytes and lymphocytes produced?Bone marrow
- 8What do opsonins do?They bind to pathogens and "tag" them so that they can easily be identified by phagocytes and can also act as a binding site for phagocytes
- 9What do lymphocytes do?Involved in producing antibodies
- 10What are the two types of lymphocytes?T lymphocytes
B lymphocytes - 11What do T lymphocytes do?They have receptors on their surface that are specific to an antigen but only if it is presented with a self-protein (antigen presenting macrophage)
- 12What happens when the T lymphocyte finds a complimentary receptor?The macrophage releases cytokines which activate the T lymphocyte and these active T lymphocytes divide by mitosis forming identical T cells
- 13What are the four types of T lymphocyte cell?-T helper
-T killer
-T memory
-T regulator - 14What do T helper cells do?Produces cytokines that stimulate the macrophage to ingest the pathogen
- 15What do T killer cells do?They destroy the cells they bind to
- 16What do T memory cells do?Helps the body to respond to the same reoccurring antigen
- 17What do T regulator cells do?Stops the immune system once the pathogen is destroyed so that autoimmune diseases don't develop
- 18What do B lymphocytes do?They have cell embedded antibodies which act as receptors for antigens and they can become antigen presenting cells
- 19What happens when a b lymphocyte finds a complimentary antigen?The b lymphocyte becomes activated (the t helper cells help activate more). The activated cells divide many times by mitosis ad then differentiate into plasma cells
- 20What is a plasma cell?Larger cells with more organelles that synthesise particular antibodies
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- User has deleted their subject information Flashcards on Biology 4.1.1 Cells in the immune system, created by Deleted user on 07/06/2019.
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- Created by Sam Gunnell · Jun 2, 2019
- Copied by Sam Gunnell · Jun 7, 2019
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