Flashcards
Scapular Region
Cards in this deck (29)
- 1Upper limb is connected to thorax byPectoral Girdle : clavicle and scapula (ribs 2 to 7 )
- 2Where does the scapula sit?Posterior aspect of thorax (ribs 2-7)
- 3Scapula articulates fromclavicle
- 4what comes off the scapular spine?Acromion process (where clavicle articulates from)
- 5Above and below scapular spine?supraspinous fossa and infraspinous fossa
- 6What process is right next to acromion process?coracoid process
- 7Fossa of the scapular region?Subscapular fossa (anteriorly)
supraspinous fossa (posteriorly)
infraspinous fossa (anteriorly)
Glenoid fossa (glenoid cavity runs) - 8Where in the scapular region does the nerve run through?suprascapular notch
- 9How does the humeral head stay in place with glenoid fossa?Lots of ligaments and muscle
- 10Synovial joint (glenohumeral joint)fibrous capsule that has ligaments and synovial membrane - holding synovial (easy for movement to occur between two bones)
tendon running through via biceps (glenohumeral joint) - which lines with synovial membrane - 11Glenohumeral joint - shoulderball and socket
synovial joint
unique: long head of the biceps brachii tendon travels through joint and is surrounded by synovial membrane
weak inferiorly
highly mobile and highly unstable joint - 12Bursaefluid filled sacs (btwn muscle and bone that don't articulate)
- 13Bursae underneath the acromium process is?subacromial bursa
- 14Bursae underneath the coracoid process?subscapalar bursa - continuous with the cavity of the glenohumeral joint ; sometimes you can get infection going from one to another
- 15shoulder impingement syndrome/painful arc syndrome Inflammed subacromium bursagreater tuberosity of the humerus sitting on the lateral side - 50 degress - come in close with acromion process - calicification -pinching between two bones. at 130 - lots of pain - above that (greater tuberosity will become parallel with process - no pain) tendon of supraspinatus is close to acromion process , compressing bursa
- 16Ligaments of Glenohumeral joint (9)coracohumeral ligament (superior)
Z formation:
Superior GH ligament
Middle GH ligament
Inferior GH ligament
transverse ligament (covers bicep brachii)
coracoacromial ligament (previous superior displacement of humerus) - don't have archy support superiorly and posteriorly
acromioclavicular ligament
coracoclavicular ligament ( trapezoid (lateral) and conoid lig (medial))
Superior transverse scapular ligament - 17which direction will most dislocations occur of humerus joint?anteriorly and inferiorly
GH joint is trying to prevent too much extension and lateral rotation
forceful blow to the posterior shoulder of an abducted humerus - 18Movements of Glenohumeral joint?abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, lateral rotation, medial rotation
- 19Acromioclavicular jointconnects the clavicle and scapula (plane type synovial joint)
- 20Sternoclavicular jointsaddle type synovial joint , ball and socket (all movement) connects scapula to thorax
- 21Acromioclavicular joint - shoulder separationnot a dislocation!
downward force being applied to superior part of the acromion
little tearing - type 1 (torn AC)
full tear - type 2 (torn AC ligament with separaction)
type 3 - torn AC, conoid ligaments with separation - 22Shoulder Elevation: Scapulohumeral Rhythmmovement of scapula, clavicle, and humerus working together to achieve full elevation of the arm
- 23when the arm is fully elevated by abduction or flexion, how much of the motion occurs in the glenohumeral joint and btwn the scapula and thoracic2/3 glenohumeral joint
1/3 scapula and thoracic
However, the first 30 degress is GH joint - 24Purpose of scapulohumeral rhythm:preserves the length/tension relationship
prevents the humerus from impinging the acromion. - 25Six muscles that connect the thorax and scapula (scapulothoracic muscles)trapezius
levator scapulae
Rhom major and minor
serratus anterior - 26Rotator Cuff Injuries : common location, and how to testone or more tendons torn, but supraspinatous is most common.
Drop arm test : abduct arm fully, lower arm slowly with control. After 90 degrees, the arm will drop more quickly than the unaffected side if there is a tear. - 27Rotator Cuff Injury: Avulsion Fracture of the Greater Tubericlesmall part of the tubericle is torn away due to a fall onto the acromion (tip of shoulder) or fall on the hand when arm is abducted.
Arm is pulled medially by muscles still attached - 28Blood Supply of the Upper Limb: Subclavian, axillary , brachialSubclavian artery --> axillary artery (at the lateral border of 1st rib)
The axillary artery becomes the brachial artery at the inferior border of the teres major - 29Axillary Nerve InjuryMay be compressed due to an anteroinferior shoulder dislocation
Symptoms: Inability to abduct arem to or above horizontal (deltoid muscle compromised)
Sensory loss on superolateral aspect of the arm
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- Flashcards on Scapular Region , created by Gina Fatahi on 18/01/2015.
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- Gina Fatahi
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