Flashcards
Government Unit 3
Cards in this deck (21)
- 1FederalismA way of organizing a nation so that two or more levels of government have formal authority over the same land and people. It is a system of shared power between units of government.
- 2Unitary GovernmentsA way of organizing a nation so that all power resides in the central government. Most national governments today are unitary governments.
- 3Intergovernmental relationsThe workings of the federal system- the entire set of interactions among national, state, and local governments, including regulations, transfer of funds and the sharing of information.
- 4Supremacy ClauseThe clause in article VI of the Constitution that makes the Constitution, national laws, and treaties supreme over state laws as long as the national government is acting within its constitutional limits.
- 5Tenth amendmentThe constitutional amendment stating, "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people. M
- 6McCulloch v. MarylandAn 1819 Supreme Court decision that established the supremacy of the national government over state governments. The Court, led by Chief Justice Marshall, held that Congress had certain implied powers in addition to the powers enumerated in the Constitution
- 7Enumerated PowersPowers of the federal government that are specifically addressed in the Constitution; for Congress, including the powers listed in Article I, Section 8, for example, to coin money and regulate its value and impose taxes.
- 8Implied PowersPowers of the federal government that go beyond those enumerated in the Constitution, in accordance with the statement in the Constitution that Congress has the power to "make al laws necessary and proper for the carrying into execution" and the powers enumerated in Article I.
- 9Elastic ClauseThe final paragraph of Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution, which authorizes Congress to pass all laws "necessary and proper" to carry out the enumerated powers.
- 10Gibbons v. OgdenA landmark case decided in 1824 in which the Supreme Court interpreted very broadly the clause in Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution giving Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce as encompassing virtually every form of commercial activity.
- 11full faith and creditA clause in Article IV of the Constitution requiring each state to recognize the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of all other states.
- 12ExtraditionA legal process whereby a state surrenders a person charged with a crime to the state in which the crime is alleged to be committed.
- 13Privileges and ImmunitiesThe provision of the Constitution according to the citizens of each state the privileges of citizens of other states.
- 14Dual FederalismA system of government in which both states and the national government remain supreme within their own spheres, each responsible for some policies.
- 15Cooperative FederalismA system of government in which powers and policy assignments are shared between states and the national government.
- 16DevolutionTransferring responsibility for policies from the federal government to state and local governments.
- 17Fiscal FederalismThe pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system; it is the cornerstone of the national government's relations with state and local governments.
- 18Categorical GrantsFederal grants that can be used only for specific purposes, or "categories," of state and local spending. They come with strings attached, such as nondiscrimination provisions.
- 19Project GrantsFederal categorical grant given for specific purposes and awarded on the basis of the merits of applications.
- 20Formula GrantsFederal categorical grants distributed according to a formula specified in legislation or in administrative regulations.
- 21Blocks GrantsFederal grants given more or less automatically to states or communities to support broad programs in areas such as community development and social services.
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- Flashcards on Government Unit 3, created by Aemilia Mann on 17/09/2019.
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- Aemilia Mann
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