19517684
Description
Flashcards by Eavan Brennan, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Eavan Brennan
over 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| what is a microorganism | microscopic for all or part of life cycle capable of independent replication ie bacteria, fungi, algae protozoa |
| molecular agents | not living incapable of replication viruses, prions |
| microbiology | study of microorganisms and molecular agents |
| what is a pathogen | patho-disease gen-generator |
| what is pathogenisis | how a disease develop it's origin it's development the chain of events |
| chain of infection | infectious agent reservoir portal of exit means of transmission portal of entry susceptible host |
| Shapes of bacteria | Coccus Rod Vibrio(Spirillium) |
| how does bacteria grow | binary fission |
| what are endospores | resilient structures that enclose and protect bacterial DNA in unfavourable circumstances |
| what are the bacterial groups that form endospores | clostridium (grow without o2) bacillus (require o2 for growth) |
| what are fungi | eukaryotic yeast (single cell) mushrooms and fungi (Multicellular) |
| what is heterotroph | uses organic matter for nutrition (ie fungi) |
| what is protozoa | unicellular eukaryotic microorgs |
| what is a virus | a piece of code in a protein shell which can copy itself and typically has a detrimental effect, such as corrupting the system or destroying data |
| filterable agents | ie viruses (they pass through filter that retain bacteria) |
| examples of viruses | smallpox, measles, Spanish flu, HIV, ebola, SARS, swine flu |
| sources of pathogens | soil dust water hands faeces animals fomites |
| means of transmission | direct contact ie skin, transplacental, mucous membranes indirect contact ie airborne, fomites, contaminated food and water, animal vector |
| stages of pathogenisis | Entry-mucous membranes, wounds Attachment-ligands which match hosts receptors Colonisation and growth cause of damage |
| what are symptoms? | the combined effects of pathogen activity and host defence activity |
| what are invasins | enzymes produced by bacteria for invasion |
| Examples of invasins | Hyaluronidase protease, nuclease, lipase collagenase streptokinase-dissolves blood clots streptolysin-destroy cell wall coagulase-blood clot formation haemolysins-lyse rbcs to release iron leucocidins-lyse wbc |
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