211189
Description
Flashcards by elliemay96, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by elliemay96
over 10 years ago
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A very thin, protective layer around a cell. Act as a boundary layer and maintain the concentrations in and out of the cell. Made of a phospholipid bilayer. It is semi-permeable and is thrown up in many folds called microvilli to increase surface area |
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Often called the control center of the cell because it contains the genetic information. DNA is scattered through out the nucleus as chromatin which form chromosomes when replicated. Inside the nucleus is the nucleolus. This produces the RNA component of ribosomes. |
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Cell organelles are embedded in this. It is made up of a fluid called cytosol, which is mainly water. It is where many of the chemical reactions occur. |
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A network of membranes running through the cytoplasm and taking up most of its space. ER with ribosomes attached, rough ER, is involved in protein production. ER without ribosomes, smooth ER, is associated with the production of lipids. |
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The site of protein synthesis. They are made in the nucleus. They can attach to the Er or be free in the cytoplasm. They are made of a small and large sub-unit. |
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Consists of a stack of membrane sacs called cisternae. They modify, sort and pack the macromolecules that they synthesise. |
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Membrane-bound sacs filled with fluid. They contain water in plant cells and also very large in plant cells. They are quite small in animal cells |
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These are vacuoles that contain enzymes. They catalyse (break down) worn out cell components. |
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Commonly known as the 'powerhouses of the cell' as they are the site of cellular respiration. Glucose is broken down to become water and carbon dioxide. |
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Outside the cell membrane only on PLANT cells. They provide support and protection |
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Large, oval organelles found in leaf cells and cells in the outer layers of green stems. The site of photosynthesis. |
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Present only in animal cells. During cell division, the microtubules extend to from spindles, moving the chromosomes apart. |
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Project from some animal cells. Cilia is many tiny hairs and flagella is one long tail. They are both for movement of the cells. |
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