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| Question | Answer |
| Divisions of the nervous system | |
| CNS or PNS? | - If the neuron is entirely contained within the brain/spinal cord, it is a CNS neuron. - If any part of the neuron projects out of these structures it is a PNS neuron. |
| Grey or white matter? | - Axon tracts are coated in white matter because of the amount of white matter in the myelin sheath - Most cell bosies are on the outside of the brain, with a few exceptions: Basal ganglia Hippocampus |
| Axes and planes | |
| Anatomical compartments of the CNS | |
| Anatomical compartments of the CNS | - Medulla- houses cardiovascular and respiritory centres - Cerebellum-= 'little brain'. Main roles in movement control. - Pons- 'the bridge' main roles in motor control - Midbrain- reflex eye movement etc |
| Spinal nerves | - There are 31 spinal nerves, all leaving through corresponding inter-vertebral foremen. - The exception is the spinal cord which leaves at level l1/l2. - Spinal nerves are 'mixed': can be both sensory and motor. - Spinal cord is fragmented, nerves enter and leave as rootlets. - Ganglion= collection of neurons outside the CNS |
| Spinal cord/nerves | |
| Groves in folds of the brain: Sulci, gyri and fissures | Ridges- Gyri Grooves- Sulci (the above both increase the surface areas of the brain) Deep groves- Fissures |
| Lobes of the brain | - There are 4 lobes of the brain, each named after the nearest bone of the skull. |
| Functions associated with different lobes of the brain | - Frontal lobe: executive functions, theinking planning etc - Perietal lobe: perception, spelling, maths etc - Temporal lobe: memory, understanding, language - Occipital lobe: vision HOWEVER- no function is located to just one lobe, no lobe is associated with just one function. |
| Ventricular system | - The spinal cord and brain are hollow; the central canal runs the length of the spinal cord and is filled with cerebral-spinal fluid. - This fluid is made by the chloroid plexus in the specialised ependymal cells - The function of the CSF is buoyancy, protection and removal of waste products - It is reabsorbed back into the venous bloodstream from the subarachnoid space into the superior saggital sinus, transfered by arachnoid granulations. - If it isn't; hydrocephaly. |
| The meningies: the 3 meningeal layers of the CNS; Protect the CNS | - Pia mater- innermost layer; fine and delicate. - Arachnoid layer- middle layer- silky and weblike - Dura mater- outer layer, tough and hardy |
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