Flashcards
L9- Organisation of the nervous system
Cards in this deck (13)
- 1Divisions of the nervous system
- 2CNS or PNS?- If the neuron is entirely contained within the brain/spinal cord, it is a CNS neuron.
- If any part of the neuron projects out of these structures it is a PNS neuron. - 3Grey or white matter?- Axon tracts are coated in white matter because of the amount of white matter in the myelin sheath
- Most cell bosies are on the outside of the brain, with a few exceptions:
Basal ganglia
Hippocampus - 4Axes and planes
- 5Anatomical compartments of the CNS
- 6Anatomical compartments of the CNS- Medulla- houses cardiovascular and respiritory centres
- Cerebellum-= 'little brain'. Main roles in movement control.
- Pons- 'the bridge' main roles in motor control
- Midbrain- reflex eye movement etc - 7Spinal nerves- There are 31 spinal nerves, all leaving through corresponding inter-vertebral foremen.
- The exception is the spinal cord which leaves at level l1/l2.
- Spinal nerves are 'mixed': can be both sensory and motor.
- Spinal cord is fragmented, nerves enter and leave as rootlets.
- Ganglion= collection of neurons outside the CNS - 8Spinal cord/nerves
- 9Groves in folds of the brain: Sulci, gyri and fissuresRidges- Gyri
Grooves- Sulci
(the above both increase the surface areas of the brain)
Deep groves- Fissures - 10Lobes of the brain- There are 4 lobes of the brain, each named after the nearest bone of the skull.
- 11Functions associated with different lobes of the brain- Frontal lobe: executive functions, theinking planning etc
- Perietal lobe: perception, spelling, maths etc
- Temporal lobe: memory, understanding, language
- Occipital lobe: vision
HOWEVER- no function is located to just one lobe, no lobe is associated with just one function. - 12Ventricular system- The spinal cord and brain are hollow; the central canal runs the length of the spinal cord and is filled with cerebral-spinal fluid.
- This fluid is made by the chloroid plexus in the specialised ependymal cells
- The function of the CSF is buoyancy, protection and removal of waste products
- It is reabsorbed back into the venous bloodstream from the subarachnoid space into the superior saggital sinus, transfered by arachnoid granulations.
- If it isn't; hydrocephaly. - 13The meningies: the 3 meningeal layers of the CNS; Protect the CNS- Pia mater- innermost layer; fine and delicate.
- Arachnoid layer- middle layer- silky and weblike
- Dura mater- outer layer, tough and hardy
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- L-9 Organisation of the CNS and PNS nervous system
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- Rose P
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