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Description
Flashcards by Kirsty Lesniak, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Kirsty Lesniak
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Passive, random movement of uncharged particles from regions of high to regions of low concentration. | Simple diffusion |
| Cell mediated movement from regions of high concentration to regions of low concentration for larger particles; requires no extra energy, carrier protein changes spontaneously | Facilitated diffusion |
| Movement of a solvent, through a semi-permeable membrane to create an equal concentration of solute molecules. | Osmosis |
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Image:
Osmosis (image/jpg)
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Osmosis |
| Simple diffusion | |
| Facilitated diffusion | |
| Uses energy from to transport material against a gradient; that can be concentration, pressure, osmotic or voltage | Primary active transport |
| What is the sodium potassium pump? | it is the most common primary active pump found in most cell membranes. It is responsible for maintaining the high potassium low sodium levels of the intracellular fluid. |
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Image:
NaCl_pump (image/jpg)
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Sodium potassium pump: a primary active pump |
| Primary active pump found in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of muscle cells. Moves ions back in to SR after contraction. | Calcium pump |
| Movement of one type of molecule is brought about due to a change in shape of the carrier protein caused by another molecule being transported. | Secondary active transport |
| What is a uniporter? | A membrane protein which can transport a single particle in one direction – e.g. facilitated diffusion of glucose |
| What are symporters? | Membrane proteins which can transport two particles in the same direction – e.g. secondary active glucose transport |
| What is an antiporter? | A membrane protein which can transport molecules in opposite directions – e.g. sodium / calcium and sodium / hydrogen exchangers |
| Process which transports particles into the cell by trapping them in vesicles produced from the cell membrane. | Endocytosis |
| Process which transports particles out of the cell in to the ECF with using vesicles produced by the cell membrane. | Exocytosis |
| The name given to the difference in voltage between the inside of the cell and the outside of the cell, across the cell membrane. | Membrane potential |
| The inside of the cell membrane generally has a more positive, or negative charge? | Negative |
| The outside of the cell membrane generally has a more positive, or negative charge? | Positive |
| How many mV is the membrane potential of cardiac cells? | -90mV |
| How many mV is the membrane potential of red blood cells? | -10mV |
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