22309199
Description
Flashcards by Kate Vilbar, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Kate Vilbar
about 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Totalitarianism | Political system in which the government controls the citizens' lives |
| Nationalism | Loyalty to one's country |
| Fascism | Political system in which the government is seen as more important than individuals |
| Benito Mussolini | Italian leader who gained control in 1922 |
| Treaty of Versailles | The treaty that supposedly ended World War I |
| Adolf Hitler | Politician, World War I veteran, militant nationalist; took advantage of anger to gain power; fiery speaker; one of the most important people |
| Nazis | Hitler's National Socialist Party |
| Joseph Stalin | Dictator of the Soviet Union in 1928; terrorized political enemies or those who stood in his way |
| Dictators | One who possesses absolute power and sometimes abuses that power |
| Axis Powers | Germany, Italy, and Japan |
| Allied Powers | Great Britain, France, and the U.S. (Soviet Union did join them, but not as an ally) |
| Sudetenland | A region in Czechoslovakia where many Germans lived; Hitler wanted control of this region |
| Munich Conference | Germany was given control over the Sudetenland, but in return, they couldn't demand more land |
| Neville Chamberlain | British prime minister; tried to work out a peaceful solution; upset that appeasement didn't work out |
| Winston Churchill | British admiral; knew that appeasement wouldn't work |
| Appeasement | A policy of avoiding war with an aggressive nation by giving in to its demands |
| Invasion of Poland | Happened on September 1, 1939; start of World War II; Hitler used blitzkrieg to break through defenses and take control |
| Blitzkrieg | "lightning war" |
| Dunkirk | Where Germans invaded France and where soldiers were trapped; British ships and boats raced to this port city to rescue them across the English Channel |
| Battle of Britain | When the Luftwaffe began attacking British planes and airfields; this was a British victory |
| Royal Air Force | Britain's air force that used the radar to destroy 2,300 of the Luftwaffe's aircraft |
| Luftwaffe | German air force that tried to bomb British cities, but failed |
| Radar | Technology that helped the RAF to detect and destroy the Luftwaffe's aircraft |
| Lend-Lease Act | Passed by Congress in March 1941, allowed the president to aid any nation that was vital to U.S. defense |
| Pearl Harbor Attack | Happened on December 7, 1941, when Japanese planes sank or damaged all the battleships at this Hawaiian place. More than 2,400 Americans were killed and almost 200 planes were destroyed. This made the U.S. join World War II |
| Mobilization in the U.S. | Brought the Depression to an end. Economy was converted to war production and it doubled the Axis' Powers combined, agricultural production grew and unemployment fell to 1%, conservation of food |
| War Production Board | Created by the government to oversee the conversion of factories to war production, banned production of cars |
| Selective Training and Service Act in 1940 | Passed by Congress and was the first peace time draft in the country's history. Men from ages 21 to 35 were required to register for this draft |
| War bonds | Loans that people made to the government. Those who made loans would get their money back ten years later with interest |
| Collecting scrap metal | Americans started doing this because it could be used in weapons factories |
| Rationing | Limiting the supply of something |
| Wartime opportunities for women | Since so many men left their jobs to fight in the war, women stepped up to take their places. Formed Women's Auxiliary Army Corps and Women's Airforce Service Pilots |
| Great Migration | When African Americans moved to northern cities to find factory jobs |
| African-Americans and Mexican-Americans | These people faced discrimination in the war |
| Tuskegee Airmen | African American pilots who trained at the Tuskegee Army Air Field in Alabama; flew thousands of successful combat mission in North Africa and Italy |
| A. Philip Randolph | Organized a march to Washington, DC, in 1941 to protest unfair treatment of receiving lower pay than white workers |
| Benjamin O. Davis Jr. | The first African American general in the U.S. Air Force that led the Tuskegee Airmen |
| Zoot-suit riots | What started as groups of sailors attacked Mexican-Americans wearing zoot-suits |
| Japanese-American internment | The relocation and imprisonment of Japanese-Americans. The reason for this was because of fear and suspicion of Americans of Japanese descent |
| Issei | Immigrants born in Japan |
| Nisei | American citizens born in the U.S. to Japanese immigrant parents |
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