2239631
Description
Flashcards by wordswespeak, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by wordswespeak
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Define absolute monarchy | The belief that Kings receive their right to rule from God. |
| What was the time of the Baroque period? | 1600-1750 |
| In what year did Bach die? | 1750 |
| __________ governments gain a lot of power. | National governments gain a lot of power. |
| Who was the most emblematic figure? | Louis XIV (The Sun King) *Built Court at Versailles |
| Which class supported the arts? | The ruling class. |
| What does baroque mean? | At the time it meant over the top and excessive; trashy. |
| Musical revolutions of 1600s (4) | -Rise of instrumental music -Development of Basso Continuo -Focus on major and minor scales -Invention of opera |
| Change in instrumental music | Music written for specific instruments. Features that will only work well on the prescribed instruments. |
| Basso Continuo | -Usually chord (harpsichord/lute/organ) +bassline -Background of most Baroque music |
| Importance of the Basso Continuo (2) | -First time composers think of chord progressions -Harmonic "padding" allows them to write wilder melodies |
| Canon in D Major (4) | Johann Pachelbel Basso continuo looping bass line canon in violin parts |
| Canon | A piece in which the same melody is begun in different parts successively, so that the imitations overlap. |
| Violin Concerto in E Major Op. 8 No. 1 ("Spring''), First movement (7) | Vivaldi Basso Continuo Concerto Soloist vs tutti ritornello form ritornello vs. episodes the tone painting |
| Concerto | An orchestral piece in which a single musician gets to stand apart from the group and play a lot of music. "soloist" |
| Soloist vs. Tutti | The tutti is usually back up by a group. Contrast with Tutti which means all so the whole group. |
| Ritornello Form | A chunk of music that returns multiple times. Usually played by tutti. Alterable but still recognizable. Episodes in between. |
| Episodes | Passages in the ritornello form. Either for the soloist or new material for the tutti. |
| Tonic | The note our scales are based on; most stable/important |
| Form | the way the piece is organized in time (different sections with different functions) |
| Loop | Simple musical story which contain musical material that repeats. Generally bass line or chord progression. |
| Invention of Opera | Inspired by humanism, intellectuals in Florence noticed Greek tragedies incorporate music. Reinvented to have a more powerful impact. |
| Recitative WRETCH-it-tah-TEEV | A style of noted singing that follows the rhythm of words. Musical speech. Freedom to deliver as fast or slow. Used for important parts to the plot with a lot of words. |
| Aria (song) | The part of opera that is sung. Express emotion. |
| Libretto | Text of an opera. |
| Thy Hand Belinda When I am Laid in Earth -Dido and Aeneas (4) | Henry Purcell Thy hand... recitative. When I am laid... aria. Looping bass line. |
| Social History of Opera | Aristocracy paid for. Immediately popular in Venice. Treated more as a social scene. Designed to feature star singers like Farinello. |
| Castrato | Men who were given an operation prepubescent to preserve high voices. |
| "Little" Fague in G minor (4) | Bach fague subject episodes |
| Fague | Feature multiple lines (ie. voices) that combine a complex web of counterpoint. Organized around a subject |
| Subject | Usually introduced immediately, unaccompanied voice. Later, other voices join in. |
| Exposition | Opening sequence in which each voice presents the subject. |
| Episodes | What separated statements of the subject. Looser and more exploratory. |
| The Well-Tempered Clavier | Prelude + Fagues in every possible key. Problem in tonal music- various keys do not mesh perfectly. |
| Suite No. 3 in C major for Solo Cello (5) | Bach Dance suite binary form Bourrée I is major Bourrée II is minor |
| Binary Form | Two sections each of which are repeated. |
| Chord | Simultaneous combinations of notes. |
| Tonic Triad | 1st, 3rd, and 5th of a scale |
| Cantata No. 140 Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme (3) | Bach Cantata Chorale melody in "slow motion" |
| Cantata | Small orchestra and soloists |
| Chorale | A preexisting melody that the congregation would have been similar with. |
| "There were shepards..." "Glory to God" from the Messiah (4) | George Frederic Handel Oratorio Tone painting High+low imagery |
| Oratorio | a long work for chorus, orchestra, vocal soloist that tells a story, often biblical. Entertainment. |
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