Flashcards
2007PSY BioPsych Week 11
Cards in this deck (20)
- 1Vocal-auditory canal - Aitchison’s Ten Criteria for Language -Use of vocalization to communicate
Eg: Speech and birdsong but not American Sign Language (ASL) or bee dances - 2Arbitrariness - Aitchison’s Ten Criteria for Language -No connection between symbol and what it signifies
Eg: Using the word dog to refer to the animal - 3Semaniticity - Aitchison’s Ten Criteria for Language -Use of symbols to refer to objects and actions
Eg: Chair can be used to refer to all chairs - 4Cultural Transmission - Aitchison’s Ten Criteria for Language -Handed down from generation to generation
Eg: We learn language from our families - 5Spontaneous Usage - Aitchison’s Ten Criteria for Language -No training or force is necessary to make individuals communicate
Eg: Children exposed to language will use language freely - 6Turn Taking - Aitchison’s Ten Criteria for Language -Communication follows social rules
Eg: Birds will respond to another bird’s song - 7Duality - Aitchison’s Ten Criteria for Language -Use of different sounds and orders of sounds to communicate
Eg: C, A, and T are meaningless until they are combined - 8Displacement - Aitchison’s Ten Criteria for Language -Ability to communicate about objects and events that are distant in time and place
Eg: Bee dances direct other bees to distant sources of food - 9Structure - Dependent - Aitchison’s Ten Criteria for Language -Use of grammar, or structured “chunks”
Eg: Understanding that the “man in the hat” means the same as “he” - 10Creativity - Aitchison’s Ten Criteria for Language -Ability to create novel utterances
Eg: Humans and possibly signing apes can say things they have never heard before - 11Wernicke’s - The Main Aphasias –Inability to understand or to produce meaningful language through sentences, though production of words is still intact.
- 12Broca's - The Main Aphasias –Inability to speak fluently despite the presence of normal comprehension and intact vocal mechanism
- 13The Main Aphasias
- 14Pure word deafness - Wernicke’s Aphasias: Symptoms -The ability to hear, to speak and usually to read and write without being able to comprehend the meaning of speech caused by damage to Wernicke’s area or disruption of auditory input to this region.
- 15Wernicke-Geschwind Model - The Main Aphasias –Proposes that both the primary auditory (speech) and visual cortex (reading) project to Wernicke’s area where word recognition and comprehension takes place.
- 16Transcortical Sensory Aphasia - The Main Aphasias –Fluent unintelligible speech and poor comprehension BUT can repeat verbal stimuli (i.e., speech).
- 17Word-form/surface dyslexiaA reading disorder in which a person can read words phonetically but has difficulty reading irregularly spelled words by whole-word reading.
Individual does not immediately recognise words but can do so if given time to read the letters one at a time. - 18Phonological dyslexiaCan identify familiar words but is unable to make their sound . Has difficulty reading unfamiliar words or unusual words/unpronounceable non-words
Difficulty relating the characters of written language to the sound they represent - 19Pure AlexiaLoss of the ability to read without the loss of the ability to write; produced by brain damage.
Also known as pure word blindness or alexia without agraphia. - 20AgraphiaDeficit in ability to write.
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- 2007PSY BioPsyc (Week 11) Flashcards on 2007PSY BioPsych Week 11, created by Juliette Cross on 16/05/2020.
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- Juliette Cross
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