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Statistics Vocabulary Flashcards

Jamiere Beasley English 29 cards

Cards in this deck (29)

  1. 1MeanMean is a measure of central tendency. Sum of numbers/total number of numbers.
  2. 2Mode & BinomialMode is a measure or central tendency. Most common number.
    Bimodal - having two modes.
  3. 3MedianMedian is a measure of central tendency. Middle Number
  4. 4Controlled ExperimentA controlled experiment is simply an experiment in which all factors are held constant except for one: independent variable.
    A common type of controlled experiment compares a control group against an experimental group.
  5. 5RangeRange = Largest - smallest
  6. 6Interquartile RangeUpper quartile - lower quartile
    Abbreviation = IQR
  7. 7Shape of distribution Positive Skew, Negative Skew, Normal (hint: follow the tail)Refers to whether a data is normally distributed, skewed left/negatively or skewed right/positively .
  8. 8Primary v SecondaryPrimary data is data you collect yourself through survey/experiment/investigation.
    Secondary data is data you find through a newspaper/website/etc.
    Basically data that someone else has collected.
  9. 9Qualitative Data v Quantitative DataQuantitative data can be counted, measured, and expressed using numbers.
    Qualitative data is descriptive and conceptual - it can be categorized based on traits and characteristics .
  10. 10BBias occurs when the survey does not accurately represent the population.
    The bias that results from an unrepresentative sample is called selection bias.
  11. 11Random SampleRandom sampling is a for sampling from a population in which:
    (a) the selection of a sample unit is based on chance
    (b) every element of the population has an equal chance of being selected.
  12. 12Observational StudyTo measure or observe members of a sample in such a way that they are not affected by the study.
  13. 13PopulationA population is any entire collection of people, animals, plants or things from which we may collect data. It is the entire group we are interested in which we wish to describe or draw conclusions about.
  14. 14SampleSample is a group of units selected from a larger group (the population).
    Part of a population
  15. 15SurveyTo ask every member of the sample a set of questions.
  16. 16StatisticA statistic is a quantity that is calculated from a sample of data.
  17. 17CensusCollection of data from a whole population rather than just a sample.
  18. 18Standard DeviationThe square root of variance.
    A measure that is used to quantify the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of data values.
  19. 19Convenience SampleA convenience sample is a type of sampling method where the sample is taken from a group of people easy to contact or to reach.
    For example, standing at a mall or grocery store and asking people to answer questions.
  20. 20QuartilesA quartile is a type of data section which divides the number of data points into four equal parts, or quarters.
    The first quartile is defined as the middle number between the smallest number and the median of the data set.
  21. 21Self-selected sampleSelf-selected sampling (or volunteer sampling) consists participants becoming part of a study because they volunteer when asked or in response to an advertisement.
  22. 22Z-scoreA z-score is a numerical measurement of a value's relationship to the mean (average) of a group of values, measured in terms of standard deviations from the mean.
    If a Z-Score is 0, it indicates that the data point's score is identical to the mean score.
  23. 23Probability DistributionA probability distribution is a function that describes the likelihood of obtaining the possible that a random variable can assume.
    In other words, the values of the variable vary based on the underlying probability distribution.
  24. 24VarianceVariance is the expectation of the squared deviation of a random variable from its mean.
    Informally, it measures how far a set of numbers spread out from their average value.
  25. 25Systematic SampleIn this approach, progression through the list is treated circularly, with a return to the top once the end of the list is passed.
    A logical, progressive order is followed for sampling.
  26. 26SimulationAn approximate imitation of the operation of a process or system that represents its operation over time.
  27. 27Univariate v Bivariate DataUnivariate means "one variable (one type of data). Bivariate means "two variables."
    Example: You weigh puppies and get these results. The "one variable" is Puppy Weight. If you have two sets, data such as ice cream sales vs temperature, it is called "Bivariate Data."
  28. 28HistogramA histogram is an approximate representation of the distribution of numerical or categorical data.
    Key point: the bars touch in histogram, and do not touch in a bar graph.
  29. 29Percentile RankThe percentage of scores in its frequency distribution that are equal to or lower than it. For example, a test score that is greater than 75% of the scores of people taking the test is said to be the 75th percentile, where 75 is the percentile rank.

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Description
Flashcards on Statistics Vocabulary Flashcards, created by Jamiere Beasley on 22/05/2020.
Created by
Jamiere Beasley · May 2020
Updated
May 28, 2020
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