Common Epileptic Syndromes

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A review of common epileptic syndromes
Amber Castle
Flashcards by Amber Castle, updated more than 1 year ago
Amber Castle
Created by Amber Castle over 4 years ago
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Question Answer
What are the three types of seizure onset? Focal, Generalized, unknown onset
Benign Epilepsy of Childhood with Central Midtemporal Spikes- BECTS unilateral parethesis of tongue, lips, cheek; possible tonic-clonic activity of tongue/lips/cheek; unilateral central or midtemporal sharp waves; rhythmic spike bursts and spike wave discharges during seizure.
Panaylotopoulos syndrome Onset 15 mo-17 years blindness, scintillating scotomta, visual hallucinations or illusions interictal spike bursts which may be brought on by eye closure
Focal Impaired Temporal Lobe loss of awareness, automatisms, staring, deja vu, emotional or thought disturbances, hallucinations interictal spike or sharp waves activated by sleep deprivation
Focal Frontal Lobe- what are the four manifestations? Focal aware primary motor cortex (clonic twitching w/o loc), Focal aware or impaired from supplementary motor cortex (head deviation, raising of one arm with extension of other arm), Focal impaired from superior frontal region (unconsciousness followed by generalized tonic-clonic convulsion), Focal impaired from medial frontal or orbital-frontal areas (body rocking, dystonic posturing, repetitive movements, laughing, crying)
What are the EEG patterns of frontal lobe seizures? Interictal discharges and even seizures may be undetected by scalp electrodes, discharges may appear widespread due to deep epileptigenic source
Absence seizure no aura, >30 sec, staring, unresponsive, eye blinking, lip smacking, automatisms 3 Hz generalized spike and wave induced by HV
Generalized Tonic-Clonic LOC, loss of body tone, stiff muscles, uncontrollable jerking/twitching Rapid spikes followed by spike-waves
JME (Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy) high voltage polyspikes followed by slow waves, often occuring during stage 1 sleep, can be triggered by HV or photic
Lennox-Gastaut severe generalized seizures EEG shows slow spike and wave complexes more than one type of seizure: tonic, atypical absence slowed background
West Syndrome/Epileptic Spasms flexor, extensor, or mixed spasms usually associated with some degree of developmental delay hypsarrythmia
Progressive myoclonic epilepsy Myoclonic epilepsies with ragged red fibers, lafora disease, unverricht-lundborg disease, Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, cherry red spot myoclonus syndrom characterized by myoclonic seizures, progressive ataxia, and dementia generalized polyspike wave or spike wave, background progressively slows
Describe Lafora Disease myoclonic seizures, GTC seizures, occipital seizures, status epilepticus risk, decline in intellectual function
Unverricht-Lunborg Disease Onset age 6-15 Myoclonus LOC, muscle rigidity, tonic clonic, ataxia, intention tremor, dysarthia,
Landau-Kleffner onset 3-9 years Dysphasia, acquired aphasia, 2/3 have seizures EEG abnormalities change in abundance, location, and pattern, electrographic status epilepticus
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