24602966
Description
Flashcards by sakhi rathore, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by sakhi rathore
over 3 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| bilobed anther | an anther having two lobes |
| dithecous anther | each lobe of anther having two theca |
| microsporangia | a sporangium containing microspores |
| pollen sacs | developed from microsporangia |
| tapetum | the innermost layer of the microsporangium. it is multinucleated with dense cytoplasm. |
| sporogenous tissue | the tissue which occupies the center of each microsporangium |
| microsporogenesis | the process of formation of microspores from pollen mother cells through meiosis. |
| microspores | pollen grains/male gametophyte |
| sporopollenin | present on the outer surface of the pollen grains. most resistant organic material known. |
| germ pores | where sporopollenin is absent from the exine. |
| parthenium | also known as carrot grass causes pollen allergies. |
| pollen banks | where pollens are stored in liquid nitrogen |
| megasporangium | ovule |
| monocarpellary | gynoecium which consists of a single pistil |
| multicarpellary | gynoecium which consists of many pistils |
| syncarpous | pistils are fused |
| apocarpous | pistils my be free |
| locule | the ovarian cavity inside the ovary |
| placenta | located inside the ovarian cavity |
| funicle | stalk attaches the placenta to the ovule |
| hilum | fusion point of ovule and placenta |
| integuments | protective envelopes of the ovule |
| micropyle | tip where integuments are absent |
| chalaza | opposite to micropyle |
| nucellus | under the integuments |
| embryo sac | female gametophyte under the nucellus |
| megasporogenesis | process of formation of megaspore from megaspore mother cell |
| monosporic development | formation of embryo sac from single megaspore |
| free nuclear divisions | where the cell walls are not laid down immediately after nuclear divisions. |
| pollination | transfer of the pollen grain to the stigma of a pistil. |
| autogamy | pollination within the same flower |
| chasmogamy | autogamy where flowers are open eg viola, oxalis and commelina |
| cleistogamy | autogamy where flowers are not open. |
| geitonogamy | transfer of pollen grain from the same flower of a different plant. |
| xenogamy | transfer of pollen grain to a different plant. |
| outbreeding devices | fowers have developed many devices to discourage self-pollination and encourage cross-pollination |
| dioecy | where a whole plant only produces either male or female flowers. |
| artificial hybridization | it is the process in which only desired pollen grains are used for pollination and fertilization |
| emasculation | removal of anther from a bisexual flower |
| bagging | covering the pistil to prevent contamination from unwanted pollen. |
| double fertilization | syngamy and triple fusion |
| endosperm | nutrition reservoir for developing embryo |
| proembryo | formed from zygote |
| globular embryo | after proembryo |
| heart-shaped embryo | after globular embryo |
| mature embryo | formed after heart-shaped embryo |
| epicotyl | the portion above the embryo axis |
| hypocotyl | below the embryonal axis |
| scutellum | cotyledons of the grass family |
| coleorhiza | a sheath protecting the root of a germinating grass or cereal grass |
| coleoptile | it is a pointed protective sheath covering the emerging shoot in monocots |
| perisperm | residual persistent nucellus eg. black pepper, beet, etc. |
| pericarp | development of the wall of the ovary into a fruit |
| false fruits | where other than ovary some other part also contributes to fruit formation eg apple Scarberry and cashew |
| parthenocarpic fruits | developed without fertilization eg banana |
| apomixis | a form of asexual reproduction that mimics sexual reproduction eg citrus and mango |
| polyembryony | the occurrence of more than one embryo in a seed. |
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