Flashcards
Cloud Concepts
Cards in this deck (16)
- 1Cloud computing is renting resources, like storage space or CPU cycles, on another company's computers. The cloud provider is responsible for the physical hardware required to execute your work, and for keeping it up-to-date.Compute power - such as Linux servers or web applications used for computation and processing tasks.
Storage - such as files and databases.
Networking - such as secure connections between the cloud provider and your company.
Analytics - such as visualizing telemetry and performance data - 2The goal of cloud computing is to make running a business easier and more efficient, whether it's a small start-up or a large enterprise.Containers provide a consistent, isolated execution environment for applications, they don't require a guest operating system.
a standard runtime environment is used to execute the app. - 3Serverless computing lets you run application code without creating, configuring, or maintaining a server. The core idea is that your application is broken into separate functions that run when triggered by some action.The serverless model differs from VMs and containers in that you only pay for the processing time used by each function as it executes.VMs and containers are charged while they're running
- 4Benefits of cloud computing: It's cost-effective, It's scalable, It's elastic, It's current, It's reliable, It's global, It's secure.It's cost-effective: Cloud computing provides a pay-as-you-go or consumption-based pricing model.
No upfront infrastructure costs
No need to purchase and manage costly infrastructure that you may not use to its fullest
The ability to pay for additional resources only when they are needed
The ability to stop paying for resources that are no longer needed - 5It's scalable: You can increase or decrease the resources and services used based on the demand or workload at any given time.Vertical scaling: also known as "scaling up", is the process of adding resources to increase the power of an existing server.
Horizontal scaling, also known as "scaling out", is the process of adding more servers that function together as one unit. - 6It's elastic: As your workload changes due to a spike or drop in demand, a cloud computing system can compensate by automatically adding or removing resources. It's current: Cloud usage eliminates the burdens of maintaining software patches, hardware setup, upgrades, and other IT management tasks.It's reliable: Cloud computing providers offer data backup, disaster recovery, and data replication services to make sure your data is always safe. In addition, redundancy is often built into cloud services architecture so if one component fails, a backup component takes its place.
It's global: You can replicate your services into multiple regions for redundancy and locality, or select a specific region to ensure you meet data-residency and compliance laws for your customers. - 7It's secure:Cloud providers offer a broad set of policies, technologies, controls, and expert technical skills that can provide better security than most organizations can otherwise achieve.Compliance Offerings: Criminal Justice Information Services (CJIS), Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) STAR Certification based on achieving ISO/IEC 27001 certification and meeting criteria specified in the Cloud Controls Matrix (CCM).
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) European Union, EU Model Clauses, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH), International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 27018, Multi-Tier Cloud Security (MTCS) Singapore, Service Organization Controls (SOC) 1, 2, and 3, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework (CSF), UK Government G-Cloud - 8Economies of scale is the ability to do things more efficiently or at a lower-cost per unit when operating at a larger scale. These savings are apparent to end users in a number of ways, one of which is the ability to acquire hardware at a lower cost. Cloud providers can also make deals with local governments and utilities to get tax savings, lowering the price of power, cooling, and high-speed network connectivity between sites. Cloud providers are then able to pass on these benefits to end users in the form of lower prices than what you could achieve on your own.Capital Expenditure (CapEx): CapEx is the spending of money on physical infrastructure up front, and then deducting that expense from your tax bill over time. CapEx is an upfront cost, which has a value that reduces over time.
Operational Expenditure (OpEx): OpEx is spending money on services or products now and being billed for them now. You can deduct this expense from your tax bill in the same year. There's no upfront cost. You pay for a service or product as you use it. - 9Cloud computing can bill in various ways, such as the number of users or CPU usage time. However, billing categories can also include allocated RAM, I/O operations per second (IOPS), and storage space. Plan for backup traffic and disaster recovery traffic to determine the bandwidth needed.Cloud deployment models: A cloud deployment model defines where your data is stored and how your customers interact with it – how do they get to it, and where do the applications run?.
- 10Public cloud: you have no local hardware to manage or keep up-to-date – everything runs on your cloud provider's hardware. Advantages: High scalability/agility, Pay-as-you-go pricing, You're not responsible for maintenance or updates of the hardware, Minimal technical knowledge to set up and useDisadvantages: There may be specific security requirements that cannot be met by using public cloud
There may be government policies, industry standards, or legal requirements which public clouds cannot meet
You don't own the hardware or services and cannot manage them as you may want to
Unique business requirements, such as having to maintain a legacy application might be hard to meet. - 11Private cloud: you create a cloud environment in your own datacenter and provide self-service access to compute resources to users in your organization. Advantages: You can ensure the configuration can support any scenario or legacy application You have control (and responsibility) over security Private clouds can meet strict security, compliance, or legal requirements.Disadvantages: You have some initial CapEx costs and must purchase the hardware for startup and maintenance
Owning the equipment limits the agility - to scale you must buy, install, and setup new hardware
Private clouds require IT skills and expertise that's hard to come by - 12Hybrid cloud: A hybrid cloud combines public and private clouds, allowing you to run your applications in the most appropriate location. Advantages: You can keep any systems running and accessible that use out-of-date hardware or an out-of-date operating system You have flexibility with what you run locally versus in the cloud You can take advantage of economies of scale from public cloud providers for services and resources where it's cheaper, and then supplement with your own equipment when it's not You can use your own equipment to meet security, compliance, or legacy scenarios where you need to completely control the environment.Disadvantages: It can be more expensive than selecting one deployment model since it involves some CapEx cost up front.
It can be more complicated to set up and manage - 13Infrastructure as a service (IaaS): It aims to give you the most control over the provided hardware that runs your application (IT infrastructure servers and virtual machines (VMs), storage, and operating systems). It's an instant computing infrastructure, provisioned and managed over the internet.When using IaaS, ensuring that a service is up and running is a shared responsibility: the cloud provider is responsible for ensuring the cloud infrastructure is functioning correctly; the cloud customer is responsible for ensuring the service they are using is configured correctly, is up to date, and is available to their customers.
- 14IaaS is commonly used in the following scenarios: Migrating workloads. Typically, IaaS facilities are managed in a similar way as on-premises infrastructure and provide an easy migration path for moving existing applications to the cloud. Test and development. Teams can quickly set up and dismantle test and development environments, bringing new applications to market faster. IaaS makes scaling development and testing environments, fast and economical.Storage, backup, and recovery. Organizations avoid the capital outlay and complexity of storage management, which typically requires skilled staff to manage data and meet legal and compliance requirements. IaaS is useful for managing unpredictable demand and steadily growing storage needs. IaaS can also simplify the planning and management of backup and recovery systems.
- 15Platform as a service (PaaS): PaaS provides an environment for building, testing, and deploying software applications. The goal of PaaS is to help you create an application quickly without managing the underlying infrastructure.PaaS is commonly used in the following scenarios: Development framework. PaaS provides a framework that developers can build upon to develop or customize cloud-based applications. Just like Microsoft Excel macro, PaaS lets developers create applications using built-in software components. Cloud features such as scalability, high-availability, and multi-tenant capability are included, reducing the amount of coding that developers must do.
Analytics or business intelligence. Tools provided as a service with PaaS allow organizations to analyze and mine their data. They can find insights and patterns, and predict outcomes to improve business decisions such as forecasting, product design, and investment returns. - 16Software as a service (SaaS): is software that is centrally hosted and managed for the end customer. It is usually based on an architecture where one version of the application is used for all customers, and licensed through a monthly or annual subscription.
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- Flashcards on Cloud Concepts, created by Saul Cervantes on 14/09/2020.
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